United Nations 联合国英文简介.pptxVIP

United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization established on 24 October 1945 to promote international co-operation. A replacement for the ineffective League of Nations, the organization was created following the Second World War to prevent another such conflict. At its founding, the UN had 51 member states; there are now 193. The UN Headquarters is situated inManhattan, New York City and enjoys extraterritoriality. Further main offices are situated in Geneva, Nairobi and Vienna. The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states. Its objectives include maintaining international peace and security, promoting human rights, fostering social and economic development, protecting the environment, providing humanitarian aid in cases of famine, natural disaster, and armed conflict. 联合国之宗旨为： 一、维持国际和平及安全；并为此目的：采取有效集体办法，以防止且消除对于和平之威胁， 制止侵略行为或其他和平之破坏；并以和平方法且依正义及国际法之原则，调整或解决足以破 坏和平之国际争端或情势。 二、发展国际间以尊重人民平等权利及自决原则为根据之友好关系，并采取其他适当办法，以 增强普遍和平。 三、促成国际合作，以解决国际间属于经济、社会、文化及人类福利性质之国际问题，且不分 种族、性别、语言或宗教，增进并激励对于全体人类之人权及基本自由之尊重。 四、构成一协调各国行动之中心，以达成上述共同目的。;一、本组织系基于各会员国主权平等之原则。 二、各会员国应一秉善意，履行其依本宪章所担负之义务，以保证全体会员国由加入本组织而发 生之权益。 三、各会员国应以和平方法解决其国际争端，俾免危及国际和平、安全及正义。 四、各会员国在其国际关系上不得使用威胁或武力，或以与联合国宗旨不符之任何其他方法，侵 害任何会员国或国家之领土完整或政治独立。 五、各会员国对于联合国依本宪章规定而采取之行动，应尽力予以协助，联合国对于任何国家正 在采取防止或执行行动时，各会员国对该国不得给予协助。 六、本组织在维持国际和平及安全之必要范围内，应保证非联合国会员国遵行上述原则。 七、本宪章不得认为授权联合国干涉在本质上属于任何国家国内管辖之事件，且并不要求会员国 将该项事件依本宪章提请解决；但此项原则不妨碍第七章内执行办法之适用。 The UN has six principal organs: the General Assembly (the main deliberative assembly); the Security Council (for deciding certain resolutions for peace and security); the Economic and Social Council(ECOSOC) (for promoting international economic and social co-operation and development); the Secretariat (for providing studies, information, and facilities needed by the UN); the International Court of Justice (the primary judicial organ); the United Nations Trusteeship Council (inactive since 1994). UN System a