河北衡水学霸耗分练高考复习耗点、耗题、耗分课件：专题10定语从句3.docxVIP

第一部分语法知识及运用  专题10定语从句 考点三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从旬 撬点?基础点重难点 基础点 1关系代词前介词的选择 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句主要用于正式文体中。在这种结构中，“介词”的选择可依据以 下几点： I 根据介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。 Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands? 刚才跟你握手的那个女孩儿是谁？ (shake hands with.??是习惯搭配) 根据介词与前面先行词的习惯搭配。 Well never forget the day on_which we climbed up the Great Wall. 我们永远不会忘记登上长城的那天。(其中涉及的搭配是on the day) 根据介词与定语从句中形容词的习惯搭配。 He shows me some old coins with_which I am not very familiar. 他给我看了一些我不熟悉的旧硬币。(其中涉及的搭配是be familiar with) 根据句子所耍表达的意思。 We had supper at six oclock, after_which I went to see my uncle. 六点钟我们吃了晚饭，之后我去看了我的叔叔。(由于句意含有“在……之后”的意思，所以用介词after) 在非限制性定语从句中表“所有关系”或“整体中的一部分”时常用介词of。 He wrote about 20 novels, of_which this is the most successful. 他写了大概20部小说，其中这部是最成功的。 廉特别提醒 含有固定搭配的动词短语，由于其关系紧密，不宜拆分，所以不能将介词置于关系代词之前。这类常 见的动词短语有:look after, take care of, listen to, look at, look into, run across, look forward to, break into 等。 2关系代词的确定 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，介词前置时，关系代词不能用that和who。如果先行词是人, 关系代词应用whom；如果先行词是物，关系代词用whicho介词后置时，限制性定语从句中which可用 that替换，whom也可用who替换，且都可省略。 Is this the pen wiih_which you wrote the letter? 这就是你写信用的那支钢笔吗？ This is the man from_whom I learnt the news. 我就是从这个人那里了解到那个消息的。 The problem abotU_which I consulted you has now been solved.=The problem (whichAhai) I consulted you about has now been solved? 我向你请教的那个问题现在已经解决了。 3关系副词和“介词+关系代词”的互换 关系副词可以用“介词+关系代词”来替换。when=at/in/on+which; where=at/in/on+which: why= for which。 Do you still remember the day on_which (=when) we went to the beach? 你还记得我们去海滩的那一天吗? We cant find the house in_which (=where) we used to live. 我们找不到曾经住的那座房子了。 The reason foi：_which (=whv) he refused to go to the party was that they had not invited him to. 他拒绝去赴宴的原因是他没受到他们的邀请。 重难点 “介词+关系代词”的常见结构 “介词+关系代词”除了“单个介词+关系代词”夕卜，还有以下几种形式： ⑴复杂介词+关系代词(which, whom, whose) 常用复杂介词：as a result of, at the back of, because of, in front of, in the middle of, at the bottom of, at the foot ofo They arrived at a farmhouse, ip fem gf which sat an old man. 他们到达了一座农舍，农舍前坐着一位老人。 (2)单个介词+关系代词(which, whose)+名词 介词要依介词与关系代词