鲁教版课本五四制初中二年级八年级英语上册Unit 6 Have you read Treasure Island yet-SectionA Grammar-4c.ppt

鲁教版课本五四制初中二年级八年级英语上册Unit 6 Have you read Treasure Island yet-SectionA Grammar-4c.ppt

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Section A Grammar-4c Unit 6 Have you read Treasure Island yet? Read the following sentences we have seen. Have you read Little Women yet? Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t. Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? Yes, she has. She thinks it’s fantastic. Have you decided which book to write about yet? Yes, I have. I’ve already finished reading it. It was really good. 用法 1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 e.g. –Have you had your lunch yet? –Yes, I have. I’ve just had it. (现在我不饿了。) 2. 表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始,一直延续到现在,而且可能还要继续下去。 e.g. I haven’t seen her these days. I’ve known Bob for three years. I’ve been at this school for over two years. 时间状语 already, yet, just, ever, never, before 构成 现在完成时是由“助动词have / has+ 动词的过去分词”构成的,规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同,不规则动词的过去分词则需逐个记忆。 动词的过去式的变化和过去分词的变化并不完全相同。我们对它们作了一个大致的分类。 (注:例子中单词的变化顺序为:动词原形 → 动词的过去式  → 动词的过去分词) 一、过去式和过去分词的变化相同 规则变化: 1. 一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如: pick → picked → picked; wish → wished → wished; stay → stayed → stayed 2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。如: like → liked → liked; hope → hoped → hoped; phone → phoned → phoned 3. 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed。如: study → studied → studied; hurry → hurried → hurried; reply → replied → replied 4. 词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词,要双写辅音字母,再加-ed。如:stop → stopped → stopped; clap → clapped → clapped 不规则变化: 5. 以不变应万变。如: let → let → let; put → put → put; read → read → read 6. 若中间有双写e,则去掉一个e,单词末尾再加t。如: feel → felt → felt; keep → kept → kept; sleep → slept → slept 7. 结尾的字母d变t。如: lend → lent → lent; build → built → built; send → sent → sent 8. 变为以-ought或-aught结尾。如: buy → bought → bought; bring → brought → brought; catch → caught → caught; teach → taught → taught 句式 1. 肯定句:主语 + have / has + 过去分词 (+ 其他) 2. 否定句:主语 + have / has + not + 过去分词(+ 其他) 3. 一般疑问句:have/ has + 主语 + 过去分词(+ 其他) 4. 特殊疑问句: (1)特殊疑问词 (不是句子主语) + have / has + 主语+过去分词 (+其他) (2)特殊疑问词(是句子主语)+have / has+ 过去分词(+ 其他) already和yet都可以作为现在完成时的标志词,但它们的用法不同。 ◆already一般用于肯定句中。如: We have already cleaned up our classroom. 注意:already用于疑问句中时通常表示惊奇。如: Have you finishe

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