高分子材料加工技术专业英语 Glass Transition of Polymers and Measurements of Tg 玻璃化转变温度.docVIP

PAGE 3 PAGE 3 玻璃化转变温度——glass transition temperature (Tg) 教学设计  教学内容与设计 时间分配 或备注说明 1、When different elastomers are being described, a fundamental property which is often quoted is the glass transition temperature, Tg, which differs from one elastomer to another. 参考译文：当描述不同的弹性体时，有一个基本的性质常常被提到，那就是“玻璃化转变温度，Tg”，不同弹性体的玻璃化转变温度往往不同。 Table1 Tg of elastomer elastomer Tg/K CR 213 NR 203 BR 173 IIR 208 2、For example, for natural rubber Tg is -70℃. Broadly this means that above -70°C the material behaves as a rubber, but below -70°C the material behaves more like a glass. 参考译文：例如，天然橡胶的玻璃化转变温度是-70℃ 。这意味着如果温度高于-70℃ ，天然橡胶像橡胶，但是温度低于-70℃时，天然橡胶更像玻璃。 4、玻璃化转变温度Tg的工艺意义 是非晶热塑性塑料(如PS聚苯乙烯,PMMA聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和硬质PVC聚氯乙烯等)使用温度的上限； 是非晶性橡胶(如NR天然橡胶, SBR Rubber丁苯橡胶等)使用温度的下限 5、When glassy, natural rubber is about one thousand times as stiff as it is when rubbery. When glassy a hammer blow on natural rubber will cause it to shatter like a glass; when rubbery the hammer is likely just to bounce off. 参考译文：天然橡胶在玻璃态时的硬度是它在橡胶态时硬度的一千倍。当天然橡胶处于玻璃态时，用锤子敲击它，天然橡胶会像玻璃一样破碎；当天然橡胶处于橡胶态时，锤子很有可能会被弹回。 Temperature-strain curves of amorphous 6、Of course in practice the dividing line between the glassy and rubbery behaviour just described is not as sharp as this. In fact the transition is spread over some tens of degrees - but it is centred around -70°C. 参考译文：当然，在实际中玻璃态和橡胶态的分界线不会划分的像上面描述的那样清晰。事实上玻璃态和橡胶态的转变要有几十度的范围，但是都是在-70℃左右。 7、Thus, although a Tg can be accurately defined , for practical purposes we have to consider a glass transition region within which the properties are slowly changing from rubbery to glassy or vice versa . The broadness of this transition region varies from elastomer to elastomer. 因此，尽管我们可以准确的定义玻璃化转变温度，但实际中我们需要考虑玻璃化转变区域，在这个区域，材料的性质会逐渐由橡胶态转变为玻璃态，反之亦然。不同的弹性体的转变区域宽度是不同的。 【总结】 本篇需要掌握的单词，词组和句子 Words and Expressions: elastomer 弹性体 property 属性，性质 material 材料 glassy 玻璃态 rubbery 橡胶态 natural rubber