英语教案_定语从句.docVIP

一.定义：在复合句中修饰某一名词或者代词的从句。一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词（定语从句所修饰的词）之后。定语从句由关系词（或引导词）来引导。 The books which sell well are written by J.K. Rolling. ↓ ↓ 先行词 关系词 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as 二.关系词 关系副词： when, where, why 三.关系词的作用：① 引导定语从句； ② 代替先行词； ③ 在定语从句中担当一个成分 定语从句，修饰先行词the vasee.g. The vase which he found in the market is worth 100,000. 定语从句，修饰先行词the vase 关系代 关系代词，代替先行词the vase,在从句中充当宾语 先行词 ↓ The school where I once studied will be torn down. 定语从句，修饰先行词the school关系副词，在这里相当于介词in加上关系代词which。where在从句中充当地点状语先行词 定语从句，修饰先行词the school 关系副词，在这里相当于介词in加上关系代词which。where在从句中充当地点状语 先行词 四. 关系代词的用法 关系代词 指代对象及在从句中所作的成分 使用要点 例句 that 即可指人又可指物；作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略） 只用于限定性定语从句中;介词后不能接that；代替物时可以与which通用 I have a friend that/who is fond of listening to classical music(古典音乐). He is wearing a T-shirt that/which his father brought back from the USA. which 指物；做主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略） 在非限定性定语从句中只宜用which,不能用that。在限定性定语从句中可跟在介词之后;which还可以用来指代前面的整件事情； My parents live in a house which is more than 100 years old. He sold the bike (which) his father bought for him. He changed his mind, which made me angry. The school in which I used to study will be torn down(拆掉). who whom 指人；做主语或宾语（whom常可省略） 先行词必须为人；一般情况下who可代替在从句中担当宾语的whom，但若前有介词的话需用whom; A couch potato is a person who spends a lot of time watching TV. The stranger (whom) I saw on the scene was caught by the police. The friend with whom I used to play two years ago has joined the army. whose 即可指人又可指物；作定语 指代物时，相当于of which The book whose cover is red belongs to David. = The book the cover of which is red belongs to David. . 五. 用which不用that的情况 ①which可引导非限定性定语从句，that不能; He was seriously injured in the accident, which shocked his mother. ②which可用在介词后,that不可; This is the house in which Obama used to live. ③一个句子中若有两个定语从句。一个用that引导，另一个不能再用tha