敦煌市不同土地利用类型土壤质量评价.docxVIP

敦煌市不同土地利用类型土壤质量评价 Choosing five kinds of land use types ， orchard land ， farmland ， natural forest land ， shrub land and wasteland ， as the materials ， the soil physical and chemical properties were detected. The soil quality was evaluated and analyzed by applying the minimumdata set （MDS）， soil quality synthesized index and soil quality relative index. It could provide some theoretic basis for soil water and fertilizer retention ， wasteland salinization improvement and vegetation restoration in Dunhuang City. The results showed that the soil moisture content in every land use type was very low ， below 0.15%. The salt content of wasteland had reached up to 56.88 had reached up to 56.88 g/kg ， salinization was very serious. assessment included nine indexes potassium ， moisture content ， synthesized assessment on soil which showed that the soil The MDSfit for soil quality ， such as available physical clay and so on. The quality showed that the rank of soil quality was shrub land natural forest land orchard land farmland wasteland. According to the national fertility grading standard ， the wasteland fertility belonged to grade 4 ， the orchard land and farmland fertility belonged to grade 3， the natural forest land and shrub land fertility belonged to grade 2. The soil quality relative index analysis showed that the soil quality of shrub land was higher than that of natural forest land ， while the soil quality of orchard land ， farmland and wasteland were lower than that of natural forest land. KeywordsDunhuang City ； Soil physical and chemical properties ； The minimum data set ； Soil quality synthesized index ； Soil quality assessment 我内陆西北干旱地区由于其特殊的地形地貌以及极端恶劣 的气候条件，一直以来是我国备受关注的生态脆弱区 [1] 。近年 来，随着西部大开发计划的实施与推广， 西北地区资源得到重点 开发和利用。 随着经济增长， 人类对土壤资源不合理的开发和利 用也给西部地区原本脆弱的土壤造成了严重的破坏。 内陆河床干 涸，水土流失加重，荒地沙化、盐碱化严重，土壤退化等成为西 部地区亟待解决的问题 [2] 。敦煌市地域辽阔，土地资源丰富， 但沙漠戈壁占总面积的 95.5%，绿洲地被沙漠戈壁所包围，属于 极端干旱区。其中，耕地面积仅有 2.13 X 104 hm2,草原面积 3.73 X 104 hm2,天然林地 6.26 X 104 hm2,还有 27.1 X 104 hm2 可开垦荒