食品生物化学Chapter 20 Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation.pptVIP

The Electron Transport Chain Can Be Isolated in Four Complexes Complex I Complex II Complex III Complex IV 20.6 Complex III: Coenzyme Q–Cytochrome c Reductase The structure of UQ-cyt c reductase. The alpha helices of cytochrome b (pale green) define the transmembrane domain of the protein. The bottom of the structure as shown extends approximately 75 A into the mitochondrial matrix, and the top of the structure as shown extends about 38 A into the intermembrane space. In the third complex of the electron transport chain, reduced coenzyme Q (UQH2) passes its electrons to cytochrome c 细胞色素 c via a unique redox pathway known as the Q cycle. Cytochrome c Is a Mobile Electron Carrier Cytochrome c is the only one of the cytochromes that is water-soluble. It is globular; the planar heme group lies near the center of the protein, surrounded predominantly by hydrophobic protein residues Cytochrome c, like UQ, is a mobile electron carrier. It associates loosely with the inner mitochondrial membrane (in the intermembrane space) to acquire electrons from Complex III, and then it migrates along the membrane surface in the reduced state, carrying electrons to cytochrome c oxidase, the fourth complex of the electron transport chain. The Electron Transport Chain Can Be Isolated in Four Complexes Complex I Complex II Complex III Complex IV 20.7 Complex IV: Cytochrome c Oxidase Complex IV is called cytochrome c oxidase because it accepts electrons from cytochrome c and directs them to the four-electron reduction of O2 to form H2O: Thus, O2 and cytochrome c oxidase are the final destination for the electrons derived from the oxidation of food materials. In concert with this process, cytochrome c oxidase also drives transport of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Complex IV is a transmembrane protein complex consisting of more than 10 subunits Complex IV Also Transports Protons Across the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane The reduction of oxygen in Complex IV is accompan