脉冲激光冲击液压微成形研究.docxVIP

PAGE 2 脉冲激光冲击液压微成形研究 Research on Laser Shock Hydroforming on Micro Tubes and Foils 摘要 近年来，随着科学技术的进步，微电子、通信和精密仪器等高科技行业的集成化和微型化趋势日益加快，对微型零件的需求也日益提高，从而带动了微成形技术的飞速发展。本课题从传统微成形工艺的不足和准静态下为尺度材料较差的成形性出发，提出了基于微液压成形工艺的高速微成形工艺—激光冲击微液压成形工艺。该新型工艺利用脉冲激光作为能量源，橡胶软膜作为冲头，液体作为压力传递介质，最终由压力波使微型工件成形。本课题结合实验与数值模拟方法对微型管状零件和箔板零件的激光冲击微液压成形工艺进行了研究，主要内容如下： 在激光冲击液压微管胀形研究，首先用数值方法研究了微管的动态成形过程，数值模拟的结果与实验结果相一致。然后，对成形后的微管中间区域厚度进行了实验研究，结果表明，与准静态成形方法相比，厚度分布的均匀性得到了改善，并用数值方法对其改善原因进行了分析。另外，从接触应力的角度分析了成形性提高的原因，数值结果证实了微管对模具的撞击是其厚度方向压应力增加的原因，压应力的增大有利于成形性的提高。最后，对比了有模具和无模具时的变形速度和应变率，证明了模具是提高成形性能的一个因素。 激光冲击液压金属箔板胀形研究中，首先进行了激光冲击液压金属箔板自由胀形与模具胀形实验，发现了金属箔板成形性的变化规律。为了揭示该工艺下金属箔板的胀形过程和研究可能提高成形性的因素，建立了考虑了流固耦合的有限元模型，分析了胀形过程、胀形速度、接触应力和胀形应变率。这些胀形过程参数均可说明激光冲击微液压成形工艺对于成形性提高的机理。此外，在数值模拟结果中发现压力波在液体中传播时压力在径向的分布变得均匀，这有利于金属箔板的成形一致性。分析表明，这种压力均化现象很有可能是由于压力被液室的刚性侧壁反射所致。 关键词：激光冲击，微液压成形，微管，箔板，流固耦合 ABSTRACT In the last decade, with the advancement of science and technology, the integration and miniaturization trend of high-tech industries such as microelectronics, communications and precision instruments has accelerated, and the demand for micro-parts has also increased, which has led to the rapid development of microforming technology. Based on the inadequacy of traditional microforming technology and the poor formability of dimensional materials under quasi-static conditions, this paper proposes a high-speed microforming technology based on micro hydroforming technology—laser shock micro hydroforming technology. The new process uses a pulsed laser as an energy source, a soft rubber film as a punch, and a liquid as a pressure transmission medium. Finally, a miniature workpiece is formed by a pressure wave. This topic combines experiments and numerical simulation methods to study the laser impact micro-hydraulic forming process of micro-tubular parts and foil parts. The main contents are as follows: In the research of laser shock hydroforming method on micro tube bulging, the dynamic forming process of micro tube was first studied