被动语态的几种特殊用法.pdf

精品文档 被动语态的几种特殊用法 (1)主动形式表示被动意义 1)常见的这类动词有： “act，add up ，clean ，compare ，count ，cook ，draw ， fill ，iron ，keep ，let ，look ，make up ，milk ，kill ，open ，photograph ，prove ， read ，sell ，smoke ，spoil 等。” The window won ’t open．(这扇窗户打不开。 ) The cow milks well ．(这头牛出奶率很高。 ) Damp wood will not fire ．(湿木不易燃烧。 ) She doesn ’t photograph well．(她不上相。 ) His judgment proved wrong ．(他的判断是错的。 ) The banana peels easily ．(香蕉皮剥起来很容易。 ) Flies kill easily in autumn ．(秋天苍蝇容易死亡。 ) It turned out fine that day ．(结果那天天气很好。 ) How did his coat catch on a nail? ( 他的衣服怎么钩到钉子上了 ?) 2)实用动词 “need／want ／deserve ／require +V-ing( 动名词 ) ”形式表示被动意 义。 My hair needs cutting 。． The bike wants repairing ． It doesn ’t deserve mentioning． Hamlet is required reading for the course ．( 《哈姆雷特》为本课程指定读物。 ) 3)一些固定句型如： be worth doing sth ． have/get sth ．(sb.)done ，以及 to be under(in)+ 抽象名词等表示被动意义： Beijing is a big city in China and worth visiting ．(北京是中国的一个大城市，值 得浏览。 ) Mr. ．Wilson had his wallet stolen the day before yesterday ．(威尔逊先生前天 丢了一个钱包 )。 The bike is under(in)repair ．( 自行车正在修理中。 ) This tape recorder is in use ．(这种录音机正在使用中。 ) 4) 一些不定式的主动态表示被动意义： ①There be 句型： There are a lot of things to do ． There is nothing to worry about ． ②不定式修饰 want, have 等动词的宾语，而句中的主语同时又不是不定式的逻 辑主语时： I want some clothes to wash ． Do you have anything to say for yourself? . 精品文档 ③不定式修饰 buy ，get ，give 等动词的直接宾语，而句中的间接宾语又是不定 式的逻辑主语时： His sister gave him a bike to ride ． My father get me a book to read ． 5)少数动词的进行时，有时表示被动意义： Her works are printing ． The drum is beating ． My new house is building ． (2) “It is+V-ed+that-?? 结构表示被动 常用的这类结构有： “it is said that 据说…”()；It is supposed that …(据推测 ) ；It is well known that 众所周知…