电位分析法英文版potentiometry.pptVIP

Potentiometric Methods These methods rely on the measurement of Ecell for quantification. A number of common reference and ion selective electrodes are reviewed along with general calculations and analytical approaches;本章主要内容;Classification of electro-analytical methods;Classification of electro-analytical methods; ;§4-2 Principle of potentiometry ;实际测量时，都是通过测定由 indicating electrode 和 reference electrode 组成的Cell 的电动势（electromotive force）来完成的。 Reference electrodes 通常由以下几种电极来充当 ，它们的电位在一定条件下是恒定的，与待测离子浓度无关。; ; ; ; ; ; ;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;§4-3 pH measurement of solution by potentiometry;Inner solution (constant);当玻璃电极被浸入被测溶液时，玻璃膜处于内部溶液(氢离子活度为aH+,内)和待测溶液 (氢离子活度为aH+,试)之间，这时跨越玻璃膜产生一电位差DEM (称为膜电位)，它与氢离子活度之间的关系符合能斯特公式： ;For following cell;Denote K’ = ESCE – EAgCl/Ag +DEas + DEL –K ;§4-4 Ion-selective electrode and membrane potential;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;;Supposed two hydrated layers (in and out) of glass membrane is symmetrical, then k1=k2, a’H+,试 = a’H+,内;DEM = K ± ;电位分析法英文版potentiometry; ;电位分析法英文版potentiometry; ;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;§4-5 Selectivity of ion selective electrodes;As an example, interference by ions such as Na+ on pH measurement is expressed;选择性系数Ki,j 它可理解为在其它条件相同时提供相同电位的欲测离子活度ai和干扰离子活度aj的比值(ratio of the concentrations of analyte and interferent yielding identical cell potentials)： ;§4-6 Category and capability (种类和性能) ion selective electrodes;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;●Crystalline membrane electrodes;Crystalline membranes: Single crystal- LaF3 for F- Polycrystalline or mixed crystal- Ag2S for S2- and Ag+;;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;电位分析法英文版potentiometry;Solid state electrodes The Cl- electrode will produce a concentration dependent response for both Cl- and Ag+. Both can be primary absorbed ions. Interferences are observed fo