矮小双语 （医学课件）.pptVIP

Short Stature Short stature Aim and claim 1.Understanding the growth of infant and child 2.Familiar with the causes of short stature (mainly get hold of the causes of endocrine disorders) 3.Get hold of the examination and investigation of short stature 4. Get hold of the management of short stature The growth of infant and child Short Stature As growth is the essential biological characteristic of childhood,failure of physical growth may be an important sign of disease. Short stature occurs in several endocrine diseases as the hormones from the pituitary,thyroid,adrenals and gonads are involved in growth. Other types of disease in childhood can also impair growth and so the differential diagnosis of the short child is wide Short Stature There is a rapidly decelerating growth phase in infancy dependent on nutrition The steady,slowly decelerating growth phase in childhood is dependent on growth hormone The rapidly accelerating and decelerating pubertal growth spurt is dependent upon the normal secretion of GH and sex steroids Three periods 1、 infancy the first year 25cm the second year 10cm the third year 7cm 2、 childhood 5~7cm per year 3、 adolescence：boys 25~28cm girls 25cm 45~50% 32~40% 15~18% Definitions Any child whose height falls below the 3rd centile for his or her community should be considered short. The mean heights of children vary with race,geography. Causes of short stature *Endocrine disorders: A.growth hormone deficiency B.hypopituitarism C.hypothyroidism D.Cushing syndrome *Familial short stature *Constitutional delay of pubertal growth spurt *lowbirth weight ;malnutrition *Chromosomal disorders/syndrome: A.Turner syndrome B.Silver-Russell syndrome *Skeletal dysplasias: achondroplasia *Emotional/psychosocial deprivation dwarfism *Chronic illness: A.congenital heart disease B.cystic fibrosis C.ce