2.2.1 医学微生物学The basic structure of bacteria.pdfVIP

The basic structure of bacteria •Do you know how bacteria are made? •What is their basic structure? The basic structure of bacteria Cell wall Cell membrane Cytoplasm Nucleoid The basic structure of bacteria Cell wall 1.peptidoglycan Gram-positive peptidoglycan • Glycan backbone • Tetrapeptide side chain • Pentapeptide cross-linking bridge Gram-negative peptidoglycan structure • Glycan backbone • Tetrapeptide side chain 2. Specific components of G + cell wall Teichoic acid (accounting for 50% of the weight of bacteria). • Wall teichoic acid • Membrane teichoic acid or, Lipoteichoic acid - 3. Specific components of G cell wall Outer membrane: • lipopolysaccharide （LPS ） • lipid bilayer • lipoprotein （1）Lipopolysaccharide （LPS） - LPS is the endotoxin of G bacteria composition: • Lipid A: Toxic moiety • Core polysaccharide • Specific polysaccharide: bacterial O antigen （2）Lipid bilayer ： Similar to the structure of the cell membrane, the bilayer is inlaid with a variety of proteins called outer membrane proteins. （3）Lipoprotein ： Located between peptidoglycan and lipid bilayer, stable outer membrane 4. Function of cell wall Maintain bacterial morphology and withstand high intracellular osmotic pressure. Participate in the exchange of substances inside and outside the cell. With a variety of antigenic epitopes, it can induce the immune response of the body. Some components of cell wall are related to bacterial pathogenicity 5. Cell wall defect bacteria (L-form bacteria) The peptidoglycan structure of bacterial