统考练习题及答案大学英语A6.docxVIP

大学英语A6 、阅读理解 People With disabilities ComPriSe a large Part Of the PoPUIati on. （残障人士占有人口的大部分 比例。）It is estimated that over 35 million AmeriCans have PhySiCal, mental, or other disabilities. About half of these disabilities are developme ntal , i.e., they occur prior to the in dividuals twen ty-sec Ond birthday, ofte n from gen etic Con diti ons, and are SeVere eno Ugh to affect three or more areas of developme nt, SUCh as mobility, com muni Cati on, employme nt, etc. Most other disabilities are Con Sidered adve ntitious, i.e., accide ntal or CaUSed by OUtSide forces. Prior to the 20th Cen tury, Only a small PerCe ntage of people With disabilities SUrViVed for long. MediCaI treatment for these disabilities WaS Unavailable. AdVancements in medicine and social SerViCeS have Created a CIimate in WhiCh people With disabilities Can expect to have SUCh basic n eeds as food, shelter, and medical treatment. UnfortUnately, these basics are often nOt available. Civil IibertieS SUCh as the right to vote, marry, get an education, and gain employment have historically been denied On the basis of disability. In recent decades, the disability rights movement has been OrganiZed to fight against these infringements of civil rights. Congress respOnded by PaSSing major legislatiOn recognizing people With disabilities as a PrOteCted class Under civil rights statutes. Still today, people With disabilities must fight to live their lives independently. It is estimated that more than half of qualified AmeriCans With disabilities are Unemployed, and a majority of those who do work are Underemployed. About two-thirds live at or below the OffiCiaI POVerty level. Significant barriers, especially in tranSPOrtatiOn and PUbIiC awareness, PreVent disabled people from taking Part in society. For example, while no Ionger PrOhibited by law from marrying, a PerSon With no access to tran SPOrtati On is effectively excluded from commu nity and social activities, WhiCh might lead to the developme nt of I