昆明理工大学MBA中级微观第24章讲义垄断.pptxVIP

Chapter Twenty-Four;Structure;Pure Monopoly;Pure Monopoly;What causes monopolies?;Pure Monopoly;Profit-Maximization;y;$;Profit-Maximization;Profit-Maximization;Profit-Maximization;Profit-Maximization;Profit-Maximization;Marginal Revenue;Marginal Revenue;Marginal Revenue;Marginal Revenue;Marginal Cost;Marginal Cost;Profit-Maximization; An Example;Profit-Maximization; An Example;Profit-Maximization; An Example;Profit-Maximization; An Example;Profit-Maximization; An Example;Profit-Maximization; An Example;Monopolistic Pricing Own-Price Elasticity of Demand;Monopolistic Pricing Own-Price Elasticity of Demand;Monopolistic Pricing Own-Price Elasticity of Demand;Monopolistic Pricing Own-Price Elasticity of Demand;Monopolistic Pricing Own-Price Elasticity of Demand;Monopolistic Pricing Own-Price Elasticity of Demand;Monopolistic Pricing Own-Price Elasticity of Demand;Monopolistic Pricing Own-Price Elasticity of Demand;Monopolistic Pricing Own-Price Elasticity of Demand;Monopolistic Pricing Own-Price Elasticity of Demand;Monopolistic Pricing Own-Price Elasticity of Demand;Markup Pricing;Markup Pricing;Markup Pricing;Markup Pricing;A Profits Tax Levied on a Monopoly;Quantity Tax Levied on a Monopolist;Linear Demand Curve;$/output unit;$/output unit;$/output unit;p=a-by MR=a-2by With tax, MC=c+t Profit maximization: a-2by=c+t y=(a-c-t)/2b p(y)=a-by=a-(a-c-t)/2 dp/dt=1/2 The monopolist passes on half of the tax. ;Constant Elasticity Demand;The tax increases marginal cost to $(k+t)/output unit, changing the profit-maximizing price to The amount of the tax paid by buyers is ;is the amount of the tax passed on tobuyers. E.g. if e = -2, the amount ofthe tax passed on is 2t.Because e -1, e /(1+e) 1 and so themonopolist passes on to consumers morethan the tax!;The Inefficiency of Monopoly;The Inefficiency of Monopoly;;;The Inefficiency of Monopoly;The Inefficiency of Monopoly;;The Inefficiency of Monopoly;The Inefficiency of Monopoly;The Inefficiency of Monopoly