独立主格结构与with复合结构.pptVIP

独立主格结构 区别于分词作状语 分词做状语特点： 现在分词作状语，表主动的动作，或表动作正在进行 过去分词作状语，表被动的动作，或表动作已经完成。 1 When they hear the news, they all jumped with joy Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. 2 When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. 3 The children ran out of the room. They laughed and talked merrily. The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily. 特点：主语一致 名词或代词+分词（doing\done) 名词或代词+不定式 1）明天要考试，我今晚就不去看电影了吧。 名词/主格代词+形容词 1）这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。 名词/主格代词+介词短语 1）孩子们手里拿着花向我们跑过来 区别于介词with / without复合结构 doing(表示动作的主动和进行) done（表示动作的被动和完成） With / without + 名词/宾格代词+ to do(表示将来) adj / adv (表示状态或特征) 介词短语（表示状态或特征） 该结构作状语可以表示时间、原因、方式、伴随状况等含义；有时候也可以作定语。 ① With the boy leading the way, we are sure we’ll be there on time. 有男孩带路，我们有把握会准时到那儿。（表示原因） ② The classroom is very bight with all the lights turned on. 所有的灯都打开，教室里非常明亮。（表示时间） ③ I can’t go out, with a lot of work to do. 我不能出去，因为有很多工作要做。（表示原因） ④ Don’t talk with your mouth full. 不要嘴里含着东西谈话。（表示方式） ⑤ With the light off, we can’t see anything. 灯灭了，我们什么也看不见。（表示原因） ⑥ He fought the tiger without a stick as his only weapon. 他与老虎搏斗, 没有一根棍子作为武器。（表示方式） ⑦ The teacher entered the classroom, with a book in his hand. 老师进入了教室，手里拿着一本书。（表示伴随状况） ⑧ He reached the beautiful river with red flowers and green trees on both sides. 他来到了两岸长满红花绿树的这条河上。（作后置定语，修饰river） 独立主格结构与with复合结构的区别 独立主格结构和with / without 的复合结构在大多数情况下可以相互转换。 ① He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他仍然举着手站了一会儿。 　　→He stood for an instant，his hand still raised. ② He could be seen with his legs wrapped around the trunk and his blond head sticking out above the branches. 只见他双腿盘着树干，长满金黄头发的头伸出树枝以上。 　→He could be seen，his legs wrapped around the trunk and his blond head