10服务计算基础.pptxVIP

服务计算基础主讲：李伟刚mailto:liweigang@liweigang@西北工业大学软件与微电子学院第九章 语义Web服务主要内容概述语义网语义Web服务第一节 概述语义和语义网语义是事物的观察者给事物本身赋予的含义，一致共享的语义构成观察者对事物的知识，是观察者之间互相交流的基础。语义网通过给万维网上的文档(如:HTML)添加能够被计算机理解的语义(Meta data)，从而使整个万维网中现存的信息发展成一个巨大的全球信息库、知识库。语义Web服务Web 服务使用标准的、规范的 XML进行描述，包括消息格式、传输协议和位置，隐藏了实现服务的细节。WSDL从句法层面对Web服务的功能进行描述，包括4个不同的方面：数据类型、消息、操作和访问端口。这只是提供了Web服务的接口描述，对服务的行为约束和属性描述缺乏进一步的支持。缺陷数据管理有序性与Web上信息无序性；搜索引擎查全查准要求与服务描述缺语义；信息获取效率与Web海量动态数据。语义Web服务语义Web服务的主要方法是利用Ontology来描述Web服务，通过带有语义信息的Web服务来实现服务的自动发现，调用和组合。语义Web和Web 服务是语义Web服务的两大支撑技术。OWL-S是连接两大技术的桥梁。目前对语义Web服务标记语言研究最典型的组织就是DARPA（Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency）组织，其研究组OWL Services Coalition提出了语义Web服务标记语言OWL-S第二节 语义网“... a goal of the Web was that, if the interaction between person and hypertext could be so intuitive that the machine-readable information space gave an accurate representation of the state of peoples thoughts, interactions, and work patterns, then machine analysis could become a very powerful management tool, seeing patterns in our work and facilitating our working together through the typical problems which beset the management of large organizations.”Semantic Web的由来Web was “invented” by Tim Berners-Lee , a physicist working at CERNTBL’s original vision of the Web was much more ambitious than the reality of the existing (syntactic) Web:TBL (and others) have since been working towards realising this vision, which has become known as the Semantic WebE.g., article in May 2001 issue of Scientific American…Semantic Web的定义The Semantic Web is an extension of the current web in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in co-operation.– Tim Berners-Lee, James Hendler, Ora Lassila, The Semantic Web, Scientific American, May 2001Semantic Web的架构的相关标准逻辑框架层FOL、HOL、DL、Horn-logic、OMDoc规则层RuleML、HornML、DLML9.高信度Web层 本体层1.以谓词演算为基础的语言KIF-based Ontolingua,CycL,Loom,Frame-Logic2.基于XML的本体表示语言SHOE,XOL,OMLCKML,RDFS,Riboweb,OIL,DAML+OIL,OWL8.证据层7.逻辑框架层We are here!6.规则层5.本体层4.元数据定义层