11句子成分语法点及练习.docx

《高中英语语法大全》第 11 章 句子成分 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。句子成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、 补足语、独立成分。 1、主语 主语是一个句子的主题。 主语的位置 ①陈述句中，一般在一句之首。 They managed to rescue all the people in the flood. ②疑问句、倒装句中，一般在助动词、情态动词和动词之后。 Up went the arrow into the air. Why do they move and burn more of the forest? Not only will help be given to people who are treatment will be provided for people who need it. ③祈使句中，往往省略。 Take this money and buy yourself some more books. disabled to find jobs, but also medical （句首省略了 you） ④There be 结构中，在 be 之后。 Around the area of Aswanthere are a lot of important old temples , which date from about 1250 BC. 2、谓语 谓语在句子中说明主语的动作，主语具有的特征或所处的状态。 （ 1）由简单动词构成的谓语 They started to use English, but they also brought in some words from their own languages. （2）由动词短语构成的谓语 Dr. Manette realized that the sister must have been very badly treated. 1 / 13 3、表语 表语说明主语的身份、特征、类别、状态等情况，它位于连系动词之后，与之构成所谓的系 表结构。 表语的位置 ①通常位于连系动词之后，但下列情况下，置于连系动词之前。为了强调表语。 In the north isScotland, with its capitalEdinburgh. ②由 How/What 引出的感叹句中 What a curious hotel it was! ③某些让步状语从句中 Child as the boy was, he knew what was the right thing to do. ④“the+ 比较级…， the+ 比较级…结构中”。 The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes. 听懂。 4、宾语 宾语分为动词宾语和介词宾语。 宾语表示法 ①名词用作宾语。 Bob asked all the airlines to fly the pop stars for free. ②代词用作宾语。 It picked it up in its mouth and carried it into the bushes. ③数词用作宾语。 Canadacovers six of the worlds 24 time areas. ④名词化的形容词用作宾语。 Shes always helping the poorer than herself. ⑤副词用作宾语。 2 / 13 北面是苏格兰，首都是爱丁堡。 英语你听得越多，就越容易 Since then the number of milu deer there has greatly increased. ⑥不定式用作宾语 I just didnt wish to put you to the trouble of changing a large note. ⑦动名词作宾语或名词化分词（主要是过去分词）作宾语 When she had finished listening to the news, Mrs.Cousins turned off the radio. ⑧句子用作宾语 I suggest that you choose someone who you think is kind and friendly. 直接宾语和间接宾语 可具有这种双宾语的及物动词有： bring, fetch, give, hand, leave, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise,