论债的相对性 .pdfVIP

论债的相对性 摘 要 合同的相对性原则是传统合同法理论中一个非常重要的组成部分，它确定了合同只在特定的 当事人之间发生法律约束力，只有合同当事人一方能基于合同向对方提出恳求或提起诉讼，而不能 向与其无合同关系的当事人提出合同上的恳求，也不能擅自为他人设定合同上的义务相应的，他人 也不能基于特定当事人双方业已订立的合同提出恳求或提出诉讼。然而，实践表明，某些情形下， 如果咯守严格的合同相对性原则，将损害合同当事人的利益。按照传统的坚持合同相对性原则，可 能会在一定程度上使当事人利益受损，故而需要探究债的相对性的“突破”，这也是本文的一大创新 。 [关键词] 债的相对性 突破 完善 Abstract The principle of relativity of contracts is a very important part of the traditional theory of contract law. It determines that contracts are only legally binding between specific parties. Only one party to the contract can make a request or file a lawsuit against the other party based on the contract. A contractual request cannot be made to a third party with whom there is no contractual relationship ， nor can a contractual obligation be set for a third party. The third party cannot make a request or file a lawsuit based on a contract that has been entered into by the parties. However ， practice shows that in some cases， if the strict principle of contractual relativity is adhered to ， it will harm the interests of the parties to the contract or third parties. It is for this reason that contract legislation and judicial practice in various countries have developed a revised system. This is the so-called contract relative exception. The exception to the principle of relative contract relativity is essentially the revision of the basic principles of traditional contract law. Improvements ， the study of the exception system has never stopped since its appearance， and has achieved fruitful results. However ， this kind of research tends to focus on a specific system of relative exceptions. It lacks the essence and common characteristics