英语语法基础(倒装与从句).pdfVIP

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  • 2021-10-27 发布于浙江
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英语语法初步 倒装与从句 先讲倒装 一.概念 : 英语句子通常有两种语序 :一种主语在前 ,谓语在后 ,称为自然语序 ,另一种谓语在前 ,主语在后 , 称为倒装语序。 二.相关知识点 按 “主语 + 谓语 ”这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。 如果排列顺序变为 “谓语 (或谓语一部分) +主语 ”,就是倒装。 倒装句分为: 完全倒装: 整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装。 部分倒装: 只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装。 1. 当以 there, here, out , in , up , down, away 等副词开头的句子,为了起到强调的作用,可构 成倒装句,只把副词放在句首,主语和谓语位置调换,不加助动词。 Our teacher came in. —— In came our teacher. 这种倒装要求:主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时,主语和谓语语序不变。 如 Here it is. Away he went. 这类倒装句式一般只用一般现在时和一般过去时。 Here comes the bus. Out rushed the boys. 2. how, then, just, often 表示时间的副词放在句首,可构成倒装句,只把副词放在句首,主 语和谓语位置调换,不加助动词。 Then came 8 years of the Anti -Japanese War. 3. 表地点状语的介词短语放在句首,要用倒装句式,以示强调。 这种倒装句也是主谓直接 调换位置,不加助动词 did, does,do. Under a big tree ___D_____, half asleep. A. did sat a fat man B. a fat man sat C. did a fat man sat D. sat a fat man 4. there 放在句首时,要用倒装句式。 在 “there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用 be , 而用表示类似 “存在 ”观念的其他不及物动 词。如: live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和 appear 等。 There came shouts for help from the river. There lies a large wheat field in front of the house. Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house. In front of the tower flews a stream. 5. so + 动词 +主语 neither/ nor + 动词 +主语 表示两人的同样一个情况时,只能表示一件事,即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一 致。 否则要用 so it is with … You can ride a bike. So can I . He has been to Beijing. So have I . The first one isn ’t good, neither is the second. His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. So it is with his aunt. 6. so+ 形容词 /副词 that 的结构状语从句可以用正常语序表示,也可以把 so+ 形容词 / 副词放 于句首构成倒装。句型如下: so +形容词 /副词 +be/助动词 /情态动词 that + 从句。 Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. = So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. So easy wa

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