英语状语从句汇总整理版.pdf

英语中的九大状语从句 状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等 ，按意义可以分 为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。 一．时间状语从句。 通常由从属连词 when, whenever, as, while, before, after, as soon as, till, until, since, once ( 一旦 ), hardly ……when…, no sooner …….than …; 等 引导。例如： The cyclist started just as the lights changed to green. Whenever we met with difficulties , they cam to help us. He didn ’t leave his office until he had finished the day ’s work. 应注意的问题 1．在时间状语从句中，通常要用动词的一般现在时态表示一般将来时态，用一 般过去时态表示过去将来时态。 但 when 引导一般疑问句或名词性从句时不受上 述语法规则的限制，因此，应该加以区分。例如： WhenChina will enter WTOdepends on the bilateral ( 双边的 )joint efforts. Once you understand the rules of the game, you ’ll enjoy it. , while, as 的不同用法。一般说来，当主、从句的动作是同时发生的事，三 者可以换用。 when 既可以引导一个持续动作，也可以引导一个短暂动作，可用 于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作； while 引导的动作必须是 持续性的，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生，往往侧重主句和从句动作的对比； as 用于引导“在某行为的继续中发生某事”的“继续之行为”，所以多与过去 进行时连用，翻译成“一边……一边……”或者表示动作的变化，翻译成“随 着……”。 例如： I hope you ’ll think of mywords as/when/while you drive on the busy roads. When he realized it, the chance had been lost. When he came home, I was cooking dinner. I was fat when I was a child. He took a bath while I was preparing dinner. As I was walking down the street, an American asked mefor the directions to the nearest station. He sang songs as he was taking a bath. As he gets older he gets more optimistic. 另外还必须注意 when 和 while 的特殊用法。when 可以表示 “就在这时，突然” 之意；而 while 则可以表示对比的含义，常可译作“而”。例如： She thought I was talking about her daughter, __, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.(NMET95) A. whom B. where C. which D. while 答案： D. 本句的意思是“她认为我在谈论她女儿，然而，实际上，我在谈论我 女儿。” 再如： I was about to go to bed when the phone rang a second time. 我正准备去睡觉，就在这时电话铃又响了。 3．since 和 before 的用法区别。两者都可用于 “It + be + since/ before- 从句”的句型，区别在于 since 表示“自从……