07 高频词汇考点 学案- 高三英语一轮复习.docVIP

高考英语 词汇 高频考点 一轮复习综合知识点讲义与练习【07】（含答案） 上篇 advantage? ? ?cn. 优点，好处 [短语搭配] 1.gain/have/win an advantage over胜过，优于 2.have the advantage of ①胜过，占优势 ②知道某人不知道的事情 3.take advantage of sb.欺骗（或捉弄）某人 4.take advantage of sth乘机利用某事（或某物） 5.take sb. at advantage乘人不备，冷不防地打入 6.to sb.’s advance=to the advantage of sb. 对某人有利 7.turn to advantage使转化为有利 advice? ? ? un.忠告，劝告，建议 [短语搭配] 1.give advice to sb. on sth. 2.follow/take sb’s advice 3.do sth. by/on sb.’s advice [强化练习] 1.I have _______to make. A.an advice? B.a suggestion? C.a piece of advice? D.a piece of suggestion 2.He gave me a piece of advice ______how to learn English. A.on? B.of? C.at? D.for 答案与解析： 1.B。make a suggestion是固定搭配。而advice是不可数名词。a piece of advice 通常和give搭配。 2.A. advise? ? ? ?vt.忠告，劝告，建议 [句型用法] 1）advise+n./pron. The teacher advised the friendship of the two brothers. 2）advise+doing I advise waiting till the proper time. 3）advise sb. to do sth. The doctor advised the patients to have enough time to sleep. 4）advise+that从句/what从句 We adviced that steps (should) be taken at once 5）advise sb. of sth. 向某人通知某事 6）advise sb against doing sth.劝说某人不要做某事。 [近义辨析] 1.advise和suggest的区别 advise可以用于如下句型:advise sb. to do sth.。而suggest却不能用于此句型。 2．advise和persuade的区别 advise强调“劝说”的过程，结果可能说服了，也可能没说服。Persuade强调劝说的结果，结果是说服了。 e.g. I advised him to go home but he would like to go shopping.=I tried to persuade him to go home but he would like to go shopping. [强化练习] 1.I ______my father to give up smoking, but he is still used to smoking.? A.advice? B.try to advise? C.persuade? D.try to persuade 2.All the students advise the boy breaking a branch _________. A. punished? B.punish? ?C.be punished? D.should punish 答案与解析： 1.D．try to persuade=advise。而A选项中的advice是名词。 2.C．advise后的宾语从句后要用虚拟语气。宾语从句中谓语用：should do 的形式，should可以省略。 下篇 affair? ? ?cn.事，事情 [短语搭配] the Ministry of Foreign Affairs外交部 [近义辨析]? accident,affair,incident和event的区别 参见accident afford? ? ?vt.(常接在can.could,be able to之后)负担得起（…的费用）;抽得出(时间);提供 [句型用法] 1.afford to do sth 2.afford+n./pron. 注:afford一般不接从句