基于GIS生活垃圾焚烧厂适宜性选址研究——以杭州市为例.doc

PAGE PAGE 26 基于GIS生活垃圾焚烧厂适宜性选址研究 ——以杭州市为例 摘要：随着社会经济和城市化的发展，居民的生活水平日益提高，城市发展则遇到了新的问题——垃圾处理。据统计，近几年来，全国大部分城市的城市生活垃圾产生量的增长速度远远大于其垃圾处理量，如果不采取有效措施，就可能出现垃圾围城的现象。如何有效的处理垃圾，则需要多方面的重视和考量，垃圾焚烧厂的选址问题首当其冲。但垃圾焚烧厂的选址引发了一系列的纠纷。如何有效、合理的选址成了当务之急。 本文通过以杭州市为例，利用层次分析法和地理信息系统对垃圾焚烧厂的适宜性选址进行分析。通过层次分析法，结合相关专家和文献确定垃圾焚烧厂的影响因素，其主要的影响因素分为3种，包括环境因素、社会因素和经济因素等，环境因素主要分为水污染、生态风景区和地形。社会因素是居民的居住区和活动区。经济因素主要为土地价格和垃圾的运输成本。然后确定其相关权重。再通过地理信息系统，对影响因素进行矢量化，得出比例尺为1：500000的要素图层：杭州市行政区划图；水系图（包括河流、湖泊以及水库）；道路交通图（包含高速公路、国道、快速路、县道）；数字高程图（DEM）；土地利用现状图（2014）；杭州市生态旅游分布图；杭州市土地价格分级图等。然后在此基础上，进行空间分析，得出有关与杭州市的适宜性选址评价。 最后，本文依据杭州市的适宜性选址评价，结合其现状，对其垃圾处理行业提出几点建议。 关键词：垃圾焚烧厂、层次分析法、地理信息系统、适宜性选址 The Suitability Analysis Based on GIS Solid Waste Incineration -- Taking Hangzhou as an Example Abstract: With the development of social economy and urbanization, citizens’ living standards are increasingly improved, however, the new problems of refuse disposal occur to urban development. According to statistics, the growth rate of municipal solid waste generated in most cities is far greater than that of waste treatment in recent years. And if effective measures are not taken, garbage siege phenomenon may appear. All-round attention and consideration are needed in effectively dealing with waste, and the first issue is the location of incinerators. But the location led to a series of disputes. How to choose the location effectively and reasonable becomes a priority. This thesis takes Hangzhou as an example to analyze the location of incinerators by using AHP and GIS suitability. By AHP, this thesis combined with relevant experts and literature to determine the effect factors, and the main factors can be divided into three kinds, including environmental factors, social factors and economic factors. Environmental factors can be subdivided into water pollution, ecological scenic spot and terrain. Social factors includes residential and activity area. Economic factors mainly include the transportation costs and land prices. Then the the