基于51单片机的数字指南针罗盘系统设计.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 25 基于51单片机的数字指南针罗盘系统设计 摘要 本论文是在当代GPS系统有时满足不了人们的需求而研究设计的。由于其信号会被在城市中的高大的建筑群和在某些公园中的葱郁的树林中所遮挡住这一弊端，所以当代的一些GPS系统的精确度会大打折扣，并且其有效性也会随之降低，甚至在有些时候连正确的航向信息同样的无法给出，比如说在汽车静止的时候。因此能够完成精确定向的数字指南针罗盘系统应运而生。该系统利用了永远指向北极方向的地磁场的指向的原理，地磁场的水平分量除高纬度地区以外基本指北的，有效的对GPS信号做出一定的补偿，汽车走向的导航功能可以保证那百分之一百的准确率。 本文主要介绍了由双轴加速传感器、磁阻传感器以及91单片机组成的数字指南针罗盘系统。 根据传感器输出的信号，将其经过数模转换后，利用单片机处理信息并显示的功能，从而在显示器上面可以实现运动方位角信息的显示。具有耗能低、便于携带等特点，具有相当好的发展趋势。 关键词： 单片机，传感器，数字指南针罗盘系统 Abstract This thesis is in the contemporary GPS system sometimes cant satisfy peoples needs and research design. Because of the signal would be in the shadow of the forest and vegetation cover in urban skyscrapers the disadvantages, so some contemporary the accuracy of the GPS system will be discounted, and changes in plants could also reduce its effectiveness, and, when still cant give heading information, therefore can do precise orientation of digital compass compass system arises at the historic moment. Digital compass compass system using the principle of geomagnetic field on the North Pole, the horizontal component of the geomagnetic field in addition to the high latitudes basic refers to the north, is effective in compensating the GPS signal, and guarantee 100% effective navigation orientation information, and even lost GPS signal after the lock can also normal navigation. This article mainly introduced the two-axis acceleration sensor, the magnetic resistance sensor and the digital compass compass system composed of 91 single chip microcomputer. According to characteristics of sensor signal output, after digital to analog conversion,microcontroller processing and display the information function, so as to realize movement azimuth information display. With low consumption, high precision, easy to carry, etc, with good prospects for development. Key words: single chip microcomputer，The sensor， Digital compass compass system 第一章前言 1.1 研究目的和意义 在现在的日常生活当中，GPS无时无刻不都在发挥着其巨大的作用。随着我国经济水平的快速提高，人们对于各种各样不同的事物都有着更多的需求。由于其信号会被在城市中的高大的