基于“钻石模型”光伏产业的国际竞争力比较研究.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 22 基于“钻石模型”光伏产业的国际竞争力比较研究 摘要：伴随着能源接近枯竭和污染日益严重的发展压力，各国迫切寻求新的能源替代物，如风能，核能，生物能，太阳能等清洁能源，其中，太阳能的光伏效应的运用优势最为突出，成为最具有前景的替代能源，各国均将光伏产业作为经济发展的新动力，新源泉。中国光伏产业也取得了令人瞩目的成就，在世界范围内迅速发展，表现出了巨大的发展潜力，但是自2011年来，我国光伏产业的发展不稳定性和脆弱性也日益明显，产能过剩，主要市场需求急剧下降，加上遭欧美等发达国家的“双反”调查，面临着内忧外患的局面，多家企业面临倒闭，整个光伏产业陷入困境，同时也危机也是机遇，我国光伏产业迎来了大洗牌的关键时机。在这一背景下，分析我国光伏产业的竞争力以及分析如何提升竞争力成为一个重要课题。 本文以产业竞争力理论为基础，阐述世界和我国光伏产业的发展历程和现状，然后在挖掘和分析国内外数据的基础上，对中国，美国，德国，日本四个主要光伏生产大国的国际市场占有率（IMS）、显示性比较优势指数（CA）和贸易专业化指数（TSI）等国际竞争力指标进行分析和评价，再结合波特“钻石模型”的框架，综合评价我国光伏产业国际竞争力，在此分析的基础上，对提升光伏产业核心竞争力有针对性的提出建议，从而实现产业的健康可持续发展。 关键词：光伏产业国际竞争力钻石模型 The Research on the International Competitiveness Of Solar Energy Photovoltaic Industry In China Abstract: With the energy near depletion and pollution increasingly serious pressure of development,all countries urgently seeking new energy alternatives clean energy,such as wind energy,nuclear energy,bio energy,solar energy, solar photovoltaic effect of the use of the advantages of the most prominent,has become the most promising alternative energy, all the countries of the photovoltaic industry as a new driving force economic development, newsource. China photovoltaic industry has made rapid development achievements and attract peoples attention in the world.But since 2011,the development of Chinas photovoltaic industry instability and vulnerability have become increasingly obvious,overcapacity, a sharp decline in market demand,what’s worse,the developed countries have launched an investigation of anti-dumping and countervailing against Chinese PV industry for protection.the entire PV industry are facing the situation of a number of domestic trouble and foreign invasion, enterprises have been bankruptcy, the entire PV industry in trouble, Crisis is the turning point, Chinas photovoltaic industry ushered in a key opportunity to shuffle.The analysis of Chinas photovoltaic industry competitiveness and how to improve the competitiveness has become an important research topic. Combined with the