趋化因子及其受体.pptxVIP

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  • 2021-11-30 发布于上海
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1; ; Massimo Gadina;Fig. 1. Model for the potential anti-inflammatory effects of IL-33.The dual effects of IL-33 activity are depicted. The precursor form of IL-33 is processed in the cytoplasm, possibly by the activity of a multiprotein caspase-1–containing complex known as an inflammasome. Once released from the cell, IL-33 binds its receptor complex at the cell surface. This complex, which contains ST2 and (by analogy to other IL-1 receptor family members) an as-yet-unidentified accessory receptor recruits the TIR domain–containing adaptor MyD88 to its intracellular domain through a homotypic TIR-TIR interaction. Subsequent recruitment of the serine-threonine kinases IRAK1 and IRAK4 and downstream activation of the E3 ligase TRAF6 are thought to drive NF-κB and MAPK activation and the subsequent production of the Th2-specific cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Unprocessed IL-33 accumulates in the nucleus, where it acts as a transcriptional repressor. NEMO, NF-κB essential modifier. SIGGR, single immunoglobulin IL-1R-related molecule.;;;趋化因子的发现 起始期(80s中) 未形成概念 PF4 成熟期(80s后) 完整概念/分类 大量趋化因子 高潮期(90s中) 发现CCR5 新趋化因子及受体;1992年只分为CXC类(α): 4个保守的Cys,第一个和第二个Cys间隔1个氨基酸 CC类(β),4个保守的Cys,第一个和第二个Cys相邻 1994年发现了C类趋化因子(γ) 缺少第一个和第三个Cys,仅lymphotactin,主要对CD8+T淋巴细胞有趋化作用. 1995年鉴定了CC类趋化因子MIP-5/HCC2、MIP-1r、Eot1和mMRP-2 1996年又克隆了CXC类趋化因子SDF-1/PBSF CC类趋化因子HCC1 和TARC   1997年发现了第4类趋化因子CX3C类趋化因子(δ), 不规则趋化因子(fractalkine)或神经元趋化因子(neurotactin)1种,T细胞、单核细胞和中性白细胞的趋化剂。;  1992年,国际研讨会建议把对白细胞有化学趋化作用的细胞因子(Chemoattractant cytokines)简称为趋化因子(chemokines), 其特征和功能为: a 使细胞骨架重排,引起细胞形态改变; b 肌动蛋白的聚合与断裂,引起板层足 (lamellipodia) 的形成和退缩(retraction); c 引起整合蛋白的上调和活化,使白细胞粘附血管壁的内皮细胞; d 使活化的白细胞内游离钙离子浓度升高; e 产生杀微生物的活性氧及有生物活性的脂类物质; f 释放贮存于细胞内颗粒的内容物,如中性白细胞和单核细胞内的蛋白水解酶、嗜碱性白细胞内的组胺和白三烯、嗜酸性白细胞内的细胞毒性物质.而且在非正常生理状态;趋化因子和细胞因子;细胞因子;细胞因子;细胞因子与趋化因子的区别与联系;趋化因子(chemokine);趋化因子(chemokine);趋化因子的分类(半胱氨酸的数量和位置) α (CXC) 4个C,近N端两个C分隔 多个成员 β (CC)

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