高考英语外刊时文阅读阅读理解和语法填空.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 2021高中英语外刊时文阅读阅读理解与语法填空 1土壤净化 用安全和可持续的方法处理人类排泄物对人类健康和生活条件有着深远的影响，联合国可持续发展目标中的一条便是“人人享有适当和公平的环境卫生和个人卫生，杜绝露天排便，特别注意满足妇女、儿童和弱势群体在此方面的需求”。近日，一项涵盖了全球不同地区的科学研究揭示了土壤在处理人类排泄物上扮演的重要角色。 Nature sanitizes around 38 million tons of human waste per year — equal to around ￡3.2-billion-worth of commercial water treatment. Alison Parker at Cranfield University in the UK and her colleagues looked at 48 cities in Africa, Asia, North America and South America. They analyzed how much human waste is produced and where it ends up by reviewing existing data from interviews, observations and direct field measurements. The team looked at waste management not connected to sewers（污水管）. This included pit latrines（坑式厕所）and septic tanks where waste is primarily contained on-site — in a hole below the ground for pit latrines and in box tanks for septic tanks. Liquid waste from pit latrines and septic tanks can gradually filter through soil — a process that cleans it before it reaches groundwater. With 892 million people, mostly in low- and middle-income countries, using this type of waste management, the researchers estimate that nature safely deals with around 38 million tones of human waste per year. The team did not look at how much waste is not safely treated. More than 4 billion people don’t have access to safe sanitation services, with one-third living in low-income countries. Unsafe sanitation is responsible for 775,000 deaths each year. “Sanitation that involves the ground naturally treating waste can be part of the solution,” says Parker. However, pit latrines, septic tanks and other natural waste management options only work if the soil can filter the waste or if the waste dumped（倾倒）in rivers can be watered down safely without causing harm to the environment, which is not always the case. 1. Which of the following best explains “sanitizes” underlined in paragraph 1? A. Stores. B. Cleans. C. Sorts. D. Produces. 2. What is the research in paragraph 3 mainly focusing on? A