新编简明英语语言学知识点汇总.pdfVIP

新 编 简明英语 语 言 学知 识 点 汇 总 1 Introduction What is linguistics? Scientific study of language. Interpretation: ①try to answer the basic questions and probe into various problems related to language; ②linguistics studies not any particular language but language in general; ③scientific study because based on systematic investigation of linguistic data. The scope of linguistics The study of language as a whole is often called general linguistic. phonetics Study the sounds used in linguistic study phonology How sounds put together and convey meaning morphology The way symbols representing sounds are arranged and combined to form words syntax Rules governing the combination of words semantics The study of meaning pragmatics Study the meaning in contex Above are major or core branches of linguistics; Following are linguistics link with other disciplines. sociolinguistics language and society psycholinguistics How infant acquire mother tongue,process information……（language and brain） Applied linguistics Applied to the recovery of language,language acquisition Some important distinctions in linguistics prescriptive descriptive Describe and analyze the language actually use(modern Aims to lay down rules for linguists believe that “correct standard” whatever occurs in the language people use should be described and analyzed) synchronic diachronic The description of a language The description of a language at some point of time as it changes through time Modern linguistics are most synchronic: ①Diffic