高考英语备考：科研报告类文章阅读技巧.docx

高考英语备考：科研报告类文章阅读技巧 科研报告类文章属于说明文，主要介绍科研领域某一项研究的结论、方法和过程等。这类文章从2016年起，每年的全国卷上都能找到。由于这类文章高级词汇多，长难句多，再加上话题涉及考生可能不太熟悉的科学研究领域，所以文章难度较大，因此出题人通常把该类文章放在D篇。 在考试中，不少考生对科研报告类文章望而生畏，要么直接放弃，随便猜个答案，要么为了找到答案，反复地、仔细地阅读，结果费时多，正确率却不高。其实，科研报告类文章的行文和设题都很有规律，只要我们了解了这些规律，再多加练习和反思，就能做到速度快而且正确率高。 下面结合2016～2019年全国卷中出现的七篇科研报告类文章来分析该类文章的解题思路与技巧。 一、 与研究结论有关的题目 研究结论是此类文章的必考内容。考查形式主要有两种：研究发现和最佳标题。解答这类题目的关键是能够快速地在文中找到研究的结论。其实，研究结论通常在某些固定句型之后，比如： Experts say ... 专家说…… Scientists reported that ... 科学家有报告称…… Scientists have found that ... 科学家已经发现…… Researchers say that ... 研究人员表示…… The researchers noted that ... 研究人员注意到…… The researchers found that ... 研究人员发现…… Research shows that ... 研究表明…… A new report found ... 一份新的报告发现…… A new study shows that ...? 一项新的研究表明…… Data shows that ... 数据说明…… The report data shows that ... 报告数据显示…… some data in the report shows that...and indicates that ... 报告中的一些数据表明……并显示…… One of his first findings was that ... 他的第一个发现是…… According to the reports key findings ... 根据报告的主要发现…… [例1]（2019年全国Ⅰ卷D篇） In one study， Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents， scoring the least liked， the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys（调查研究）. “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment， high status has just the opposite effect on us.” 34. What did Dr. Prinsteins study find about the most liked kids？ A. They appeared to be aggressive. B. They tended to be more adaptable. C. They enjoyed the highest status. D. They performed well academically. 解析：此题考查的是研究发现。通过题干中的most liked我们可以快速定位到第四段，再根据典型句式准确找到研究结论：We found that ...（最不受欢迎的青少年随着时间的推移对他们的同学变得更有攻击性，地位高的人也是如此）It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment ...（该项研究清楚表明，讨人喜欢可以带来健康的调整……）故选B项。 [例2] （2019全国Ⅲ卷D篇） After running hundreds of tests， the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the hig