荷兰国际关系研究所-马里东北部的情况（英）-2021.pdfVIP

Customary Characters in Uncustomary Circumstances The case of Northeastern Mali USAID Customary Resilience Anna Schmauder Customary Characters in Uncustomary Circumstances The case of Northeastern Mali Anna Schmauder USAID Customary Resilience December 2021 This study is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Department of State and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents are the responsibility of the Clingendael Institute and the International Centre for Counter-Terrorism (ICCT) and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. December 2021 © Netherlands Institute of International Relations ‘Clingendael’ and The International Centre for Counter-Terrorism (ICCT) Cover photo: An aerial view of the area surrounding Ménaka, in eastern Mali. © flickr/ United Nations Unauthorized use of any materials violates copyright, trademark and/or other laws. Should a user download material from the website or any other source related to the Netherlands Institute of International Relations ‘Clingendael’, (the Clingendael Institute) or The International Centre for Counter-Terrorism (ICCT), for personal or non-commercial use, the user must retain all copyright, trademark or other similar notices contained in the original material or on any copies of this material. Material on the website of the Clingendael Institute and/or ICCT may be reproduced or publicly displayed, distributed or used for any public and non-commercial purposes, but only by mentioning the Clingendael Institute and ICCT as its source. Permission is required to use the logo of the Clingendael Institute or that of ICCT. This can be obtained by contacting the Communication desk of the Clingendael Institute (press@) or of ICCT (info@icct.nl). The following web link activities are prohibited b