过去分词作后置定语.pptxVIP

过去分词作后置定语第1页/共18页过去分词作定语，在语态上表被动；在时间上表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。 第2页/共18页1. 过去分词作定语的含义a. 及物动词的过去分词，具有被动和完成的意义a broken cupa wounded soldiera cup which is broken a soldier who was wounded第3页/共18页b. 不及物动词的过去分词，具有主动和完成意义。a grown womana retired officera woman who has growna officer who has retired第4页/共18页2. 过去分词作定语位置B: Yes. And we had canned fish, smoked sausages, cakes made by our teacher and fresh apples picked from the orchard. We also played a lot of games there.B: Indeed, to our delight, we helped a lost boy to find his mother.单个过去分词过去分词短语单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面；过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词后面。第5页/共18页a risen sun已升起的太阳有组织的旅行 an organized trip第6页/共18页单个过去分词和形容词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody等不定代词时,也要放在这些词后面。nothing reportedsomething importantsomething else第7页/共18页3. 过去分词作定语和定语从句的转换过去分词作定语的作用相当于定语从句，二者可以转换。① a letter written in pencil② the book borrowed by Jack= a letter which was written in pencil= the book which was borrowed by Jack第8页/共18页4. 形容词性化过去分词作定语常见的有：amazed, embarrassed, disappointed, excited, encouraged, bored, interested, tired, worried, surprised, satisfied, pleased, moved, frightened等。The _____ children were opening their presents.A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excitesexcited第9页/共18页过去分词与现在分词作定语1.语态不同：现在分词表示主动，及物动词的过去分词表示被动。an inspiring speech 鼓舞人心的演说the inspired audience受到鼓舞的观众the falling leaves落叶（正往下落的）the fallen leaves落叶（已经落到地面的）第10页/共18页2. 时间关系不同：现在分词作定语，多表示“动作正在进行”或“与谓语同时进行”或“经常性”。过去分词作定语，则多表示分词动作“先于位于动词表示的动作”或“没有一定的时间性”lying① Do you know the boy _______(lie) under the big tree?⑤ He is a leader___________ (respect) by the people.respected第11页/共18页3.及物动词的过去分词与现在分词的被动式都可以表示“被动”，但前者多表示一个完成了的动作，而后者则表示一个正在进行的动作. 已经发生，完成the problem discussed yesterdaythe problem being discussed 正在发生第12页/共18页高考解析Recently a survey ______ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. (2011江苏) A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared 解析：compare的动