纽曼社会研究方法英文版PPTChapter09-ExperimentalResearch-7e.pptVIP

Copyright ?2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright ?2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 9: Experimental Research Seventh EditionSocial Research Methods:Qualitative and Quantitative Approachesby W. Lawrence Neuman This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: Any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; Preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; Any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Types of Research Questions Causal relationships Ethical and practical limitations Capable of manipulation conditions Narrow in scope Confounding variables Generally good for micro-level data Convention History of Experimental Design Wilhelm M. Wundt (1832-1920) Behaviorism Quantification Introduction of anonymity Applied research Random Assignment Random Sampling How to Random Assign Matching vs. Random Assignment Matching Random Assignment Experimental Design LogicLanguage of Experiments Subjects Treatment Pretest Posttest Experimental group Control group Experimental Design LogicSteps in an Experiment Hypothesis Choose a design Design experiment How to introduce IV How to measure DV Locate subjects Randomly assign subjects Gather pretest data Run experiment Introduce treatment Measure DV Gather posttest data Debrief Analyze data Experimental Design LogicControl in Experiments Controlling all aspects of the experiment Deception Confederate Classical Experimental Design Preexperimental Design Quasi-experimental Design Two-Group Posttest-Only Interrupted Time Series Equivalent Time Series Latin Square Solomon Four-Group Factorial Quasi-experimental Design Internal and External Validity Internal Validity Threats to internal validity Selection bias History Maturation Testing Instrumentation Experimental mortality Statistical regression Internal Validit