汽车的构造参考.pdfVIP

Structure of automobile In order to study automobiles,it is important to review the basic parts of an automobile.An automobilecan be snbdivided into several major categories:the body and frame,the engine or power source,the chassis and the electrical equipment. Body and Frame The body and frame section of an automobile is the basic foundation of the vehicle.All other components and systems are attached to the body and frame.The frame supports the wehicle body,engine,and the driveline. There sre two types of body and frame configuration.The separate body and frame construction illustrated in Fig.1-a) has been used for a long time.The second type pf cpnstruction is called the unitized body.See Fig 1-2b).The type of vehicle is designed with the frame and body in one unit.The unitized body is used in most cars today. Engine The engine is used to power the vehicle.The engine is also called the power source or motor.The word motor is defined as that which imparts motion.So a motor can be any device that produces power.However,the power source in the automobile is usually referred to as the engine. Most automobiles use the gasoline engine as a power source.However ,other power sources are being tested and introduced every year.For example,the diesel engine is alsobeing used as a power source today,and has been used in commercial vehicles widely.In addition,some automotive engineers predict the use of gas turbines and Stifling engines for future power sources in the automobile. Most automobiles use the reciprocating piston or Otto cycle engine.However,certain car manufactures also offer rotary design engines as an optional power source.Although the rotary engine now used on certain vehilces looks similar to the reciprocating piston engine,internally