病理学炎症宽屏.pptx

炎 症;Carbuncle（痈);Skin blister resulted from burning;Sunburn;;Outlines of inflammation; ;Historical aspects of inflammation ;Inflammation (literally, “burning”) is a protective response of vascularized living tissues to various injury. Host attempt to localize and eliminate microorganisms, foreign particles and the necrotic cells and tissues, and to initiate the process of repair.? It involves host cells, blood vessels, and proteins and other mediators. ;Components of acute and chronic inflammation;Biological agents (e.g., bacterial, viral, parasitic) Trauma（创伤） (blunt and penetrating) Physical agents (e.g., irradiation, burns) Chemical agents (toxicity from certain chemicals) Tissue necrosis Foreign particle (dirt, sutures) Hypersensitivity reactions;Alteration (变质) Exudation (渗出) Proliferation (增生);Alteration (变质);14;Exudation;Exudation;18;;该患者的胸腔积液是 渗出液(exudates) 还是漏出液(transudates)？;流体静压; Exudate (渗出液) Transudate (漏出液) Cause inflammation non-inflammation Protein 30g/L 30g/L Cell no. 100/mm3 100/mm3 Gravity 1.020 1.018 Gross cloudy clear Coagulation + -;Definition: rapid reproduction of cells during inflammation Components Parenchymal cells: functional cells of organs ( e.g. hepatocytes of liver, epithelial cells of gland ) Mesenchymal cells: endothelial cells, fibroblast Inflammatory cells: macrophages, lymphocytes Function: limit the spread of inflammation, repair;Proliferation;Redness: due to blood flow↑ Swelling: due to vascular permeability↑ Heat: due to blood flow↑ Pain: nerve stimulation Function disorder;Fever: interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) and IL-6 act in the CNS to alter thermoregulation Increased acute-phase proteins: C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, serum amyloid A（血清淀粉样蛋白A） Leukocytosis (白细胞增多): increased bone marrow release（immature