第六章蛋白质Protein2013p教学教案.pptVIP

Non-essential Amino Acids非必需氨基酸 Cystine胱氨酸 - can be used to meet part of the methionine requirement Tyrosine酪氨酸 - can be used to meet part of the phenylalanine requirement Glycine 甘氨酸- required by chick Aspartic acid 天门冬氨酸 Glutamic acid 谷氨酰氨酸 Alanine 丙氨酸 Proline 脯氨酸 Asparagine 天门酰胺 Glutamine 谷氨酰胺 Serine - required by chick 丝氨酸 Hydroxyproline 脯氨酸 Protein Quality蛋白质质量 Ability of a diet or feedstuff to meet but not exceed the essential amino acids in a diet or feedstuff. 饲粮原料满足动物需要。 First-limiting amino acid: dietary essential amino acid in a diet (or feedstuff) in shortest supply in relation to the animal’s requirement. 第一限制性氨基酸 The “Ideal Protein”理想蛋白质 is the one with perfect quality: all dietary essential amino acids are present in amounts that meet but do not exceed the requirements. Baker (1966)理想蛋白质的氨基酸模式，即氨基酸平衡理论。 Howard (1958)提出理想蛋白质概念： 动物吸收率为100%的蛋白质。 氨基酸平衡理论 Corn Protein玉米蛋白质 g/100g protein Corn Protein玉米蛋白质 % of requirement Cottonseed Protein棉籽蛋白质 Soybean protein豆粕蛋白质 Skim milk protein Calculating Chemical Score (amount in feed/requirement) Corn CSM SBM DSM 0.43 0.61 0.96 1.13 2.09 0.81 1.15 1.48 1.57 1.19 1.30 1.29 1.24 0.91 1.02 1.53 1.00 0.71 0.93 1.12 1.08 0.79 1.18 1.71 1.24 0.68 0.71 1.08 1.89 3.85 2.70 1.30 1.52 1.19 1.19 1.24 0.50 1.00 1.08 1.08 Chemical Score Requirement for 2 to 5 yr child g/100 g protein Calculated Chemical Score (amount in feed/requirement) Corn Pinto beans Soy bean Cows milk Chicken egg Beef Histidine 1.9 1.68 1.58 1.32 1.42 1.16 1.79 Isoleucine 2.8 1.46 1.52 1.61 1.67 1.92 1.71 Leucine 6.6 2.12 1.22 1.17 1.43 1.30 1.23 Lysine 5.8 .50 1.19 1.10 1.34 1.21 1.53 Met + Cys 2.5 1.88 .84 1.08 1.32 2.28 1.60 Phe + Tyr 6.3 1.57 1.44 1.30 1.62 1.47 1.27 Threonine 3.4 1.29 1.28 1.15 1.29 1.38 1.35 Tryptophan 1.1 .55 .80 1.18 1.27 1.54 1.09 Valine 3.5 1.60 1.43 1.31 1.82 1.88 1.43 Chemical Score Adjusted (corrected) for digestibility Ileal digestible amino acids for pigs PDCAAS for humans PDCAAS蛋白质消化率校正氨