材料导论28_美国专利（USpatents）.pptVIP

Example Example Brief Description of the Drawings 简要说明图纸 FIG.1 shows the tungsten-aluminum phase diagram. FIG.3 is a scanning electron micrograph of a typical microstructure of a composite material made by the process according to one embodiment of the invention, Example Description of specific embodiments 具体实施方案的说明 这个发明主要是增强的金属基复合材料，它含有铝基基质（如铝合金基质），及同时形成的尖晶石晶须，单独或结合与其他增强项。 Example Example A material comprising: The material of claim 1 wherein said element is selected from the group consisting of tungsten and molybdenum. A composite material comprising: 权利要求 * 以发明专利说明书为例，目前各国出版的发明专利说明书组成部分基本包括： * * * * 此部分标题说明本专利涉及到金属基材料，同时内含有金属间化合物和氧化铝晶须 * 与本专利相关的其他出版物 * * * * US Patent 美国专利 李友芬 材料科学与工程学院 北京化工大学 Patents Patent – a grant by a government to an inventor giving the right to exclude others for a limited period of time for making, using, or selling the invention. 政府授予发明者给予其权利，排除其他人在有限的时间内对制造，使用或销售该发明。 专利国别代码 US —美国 RU—俄罗斯 JP —日本 GB —英国 FR —法国 DE —德国 CH —瑞士 SU —前苏联 KR —韩国 CA —加拿大 EP —欧洲 CN —中国 WO —世界知识产权 Types of patent Utility Patent – one of three types of US patents; this type is most widely regarded as “a patent”; protects patentable inventions such as processes, machines, compositions of matter and improvements . Utility patents 发明专利 1 对方法、机器、制造品、物相组成, 改良之方法予以保护 Types of patent Design Patents: This patent protects only the ornamental appearance of the device. Design patents 外观设计专利 2 物品之外观予以保护 Types of patent Plant Patent: Any plant produced by budding or grafting, i.e., asexually reproduced. When you buy a rose plant, for example, note that it is most probably patented. Plant patents 植物新品种专利 3 植物予以保护 Types of patent 植物专利保护具有二条件。 （1）新而特殊的植物品种； （2）并非为以块茎繁殖或在未栽培状态下发现之植物者。 必须提醒的是，植物专利还包含微生物。 Plant patents 植物新品种专利 3 Patent Duration 专利期限 Utility patents and Plant patents expire 20 years from the date of filing with the U. S. Patent Trademark Office, if