文化分类分析和总结.docxVIP

Time Time Context Polychronic Monochronic China America Germany Poland Italy England Argentina Israel High-context 中国、日本、韩国、美洲土著、美洲墨西哥以及拉丁 国家 Driven Low-context Relationship-driven 德国、瑞士、 Japanese France Task-driven 美国 美国、瑞典、 Italy 挪威、芬兰、 India Argentina 丹麦、加拿 Saudi Arabian 大 单项时间取向文化：时间是线性的，北美、北欧、德国是这种文化的代表。 多项时间取向文化：注重人们的参与，约会的时间可以不严格遵守，拉丁美洲、中东、非洲、亚洲、法国和希腊是这种文化的代表 同时具有高语境文化与低语境文化特点的国家有：法国、英国、意大利。德国 NATIONAL CULTURAL TRAITS: Low-context culture that values precise communication. Focu ses on what is being said rather than who is saying it. Monochrome, that is, they have a very linear concept of time and prefer to do one thing at a time. The German culture is one of very high risk - avoidance. 民族文化特征：低语境文化，沟通精确。重点是你在说什么，而不是谁在说。是单色调的，也就是说他们有一个非常线性的时间概念，喜欢每次只做一件事情。德国文化是 非常高度不确定性规避的国家之一。 美国 NATIONAL CULTURAL TRAITS, American culture is task-driven and places great value on indi vidual achievement and thinking. Monochrome, with a very low risk-avoidance, which allows Am ericans to speak without thinking — and often act without thinking, sometimes in a violent manner . It is a very masculine culture, which means that society appreciates assertiveness while respectin g the goal of material acquisition.民族文化特征：美国文化是任务驱动的，更多的注重个人成就和个人思想。这使美国人说话不假思索，单色调的，具有非常低的风险规避，这是非常男性主义的文化，意味着社会赞赏自信，同时注重巨大的物质目标。 日本 NATIONAL CULTURAL TRAITS^ The Japanese culture is collectivist by nature, that is, group a chievement and harmony comes before that of individual fulfillment. It is a high power -distance c ulture where workers do not seek personal decision- making powers. It is high risk -avoidance. 民族文化特征：日本文化本质上是集体主义，即集团的成就与和谐排在个人之前。个别的实现。是高权利距离文化，工人不追求个人的决策权。是高风险规避的国家。 法国 NATIONAL CULTURAL TRAITS: A highly feminine culture which values interpersonal relation ships, putting quality of life before material acquisition and applauds concern for other individuals . Also high-context, which means that the medium is the message and not overly concerned about precise detail or communication.民族文化特征：高