新概念英语语法：非谓语动词表格梳理.docxVIP

新概念英语语法：非谓语动词表格梳理 不定式 形式 不定式分为带有to和不带有to的两种。不定式在句子中不能作谓语，但它具有动词的一些特征。如可以有自己的宾语、状语、逻辑主语。不定式相当于名词、形容词、副词。 作主语 n 不定式在句中作主语相当于名词或代词的作用。往往用形式主语it代替，将不定式置于句末。 To live in China is his dream. It is his dream to live in China. 作表语n adj 表示主语的具体内容、目的等。 My only wish is to have a job in an office. 作宾语n 不定式可以作介词或动词的宾语。作介词的宾语时常在不定式前加上疑问词。长跟不定式作宾语等动词有want, refuse, offer, agree, promise, hope, decide, expect, manage… He refuse to accept the present. I have decided to study engineering. 作定语 修饰名词 adj 不定式作定语通常放在被修饰词的后面，主要有两种情况：一是不定式与被修饰词构成逻辑上的主谓关系；二是不定式与被修饰词构成逻辑上的动宾关系。如果不定式是不及物动词，其后要加上相应的介词。 He was the first guest to arrive. I have a lot of problems to solve. He is a pleasant person to work with. Do you have any letters to be typed? 作状语 修饰动词、句子等 adv 不定式作状语表示目的、原因、结果等。表示原因和结果时，不定式不可以置于句首，而且不定式往往表示出人意料的结果，常用only to… To get there on time, he started out very early. He hurried to the station only to find the train had left. 作宾补 说明宾语 在“v+宾语+不定式”结构中，不定式作宾语补足语，“宾语+不定式”构成了不定式的复合结构。有些动词要求不代to，有些必须带，有些带不带都可以。 带to：ask, want, order, tell, persuade, advise, allow, encourage, cause, require… 不带to：感官动词：see，hear, feel, watch, notice, observe, listen to, look at 使役动词let, make, have. 不带to的不定式结构所在句中的动词变为被动形式时，要加上to（let除外）。 Parents want their children to develop fully. Did you see anyone enter the house? I heard my neighbour lock the door. I will have all my friends come over. The made him go there alone. He was made to go there alone. 动名词 形式 动名词的基本形式是v-ing，与现在分词形式相同。动名词兼有动词和名词的性质，既保留了动词的意义