专题9.概要写作解题技巧.docxVIP

概要写作解题技巧 概要写作实质上是对所给文章的简要概括，归纳出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。进行概要写作时，考生要把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表达出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心。 解题策略及方法 1．写作步骤 (1)细读原文。首先要仔细阅读所给短文，准确理解文章主旨和结构，归纳段落大意。 (2)弄清要求。概要写作是写全文的概要，不是写某一部分的概要，也不是单就某些问题写出要点。 (3)列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项简明扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。 2．写作方法 (1)速读语言材料，弄清文章寓意 快速阅读所给文章，弄清文章体裁、明确文章主旨大意，采集分层信息点。 (2)整合分层信息，确定写作要点 运用构词法、上下文措辞技巧对文章信息整合再造，分层概括表述。采用适当的词法、句法等语言知识确定写作任务的点睛句，把握写作任务要点。 (3)牢记词数要求，使用地道表达 明确写作词数的上下限、采用高级或精简句式浓缩多个信息点于一句中，高度概括所给文章内容。弄清写作任务中的人称和时态，准确、地道地表达，充分展示语言的表现力。 随堂讲练 一 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Weve reached a strange — some would say unusual — point. While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO), more people now die from being overweight than from being underweight. Its the good life thats more likely to kill us these days. Worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight. Whats going on? We really dont have many excuses for our weight problems. The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting through — up to a point. In the 1970s, Finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause. Not any more. A public-health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 percent over the past three decades. Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005, and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body. No wonder it ranks as the worlds most body-conscious country. We know what we should be doing to lose weight — but actually doing it is another matter. By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise. More than half of us admit we lack willpower. Others blame good food. They say: its just too inviting and it makes them over