uml对象技术与可视化建模基础.pptxVIP

会计学1uml对象技术与可视化建模基础 第 2 章对象技术与可视化建模基础An Overview of Object Technology and Visual Modeling第1页/共99页 -3-Review： An Approach to the Object-Oriented上升到面向对象面向对象技术概述定义、利益、研究内容面向对象技术发展历史（里程碑）、现状、未来面向对象与结构化扬弃而非否定上升到面向对象利用面向对象的观点认识客观问题第2页/共99页 -4-学习线路图OOUMLOOAOODDP… Case-Study ………………………学 习 线 路 图第3页/共99页 -5-Agenda 1Object and ClassFour Principles of OOGeneralization and PolymorphismPrinciples of Visual ModelingThe UMLProcess and visual modeling第4页/共99页 -6-ObjectInformally, an object represents an entity, either physical, conceptual, or softwarePhysical entityConceptual entitySoftware entity化学过程 链表 第5页/共99页 -7-Object-Formal DefinitionAn object is an entity with a well-defined boundary and identity that encapsulates state and behavior.State is represented by attributes and relationships.Behavior is represented by operations, methods, and state machines.ObjectOperationsAttributes第6页/共99页 -8-对象的标识每一个对象都有一个唯一的标识, 即使其状态有可能与其它对象一样班机 747 on 11/10班机 747 on 11/11班机 747 on 11/12第7页/共99页 -9-对象的标识Professor “J Clark” teaches BiologyProfessor “J Clark” teaches Biology第8页/共99页 -10-对象的状态一个对象的状态是它反映于现实世界的一系列属性：参数的数值 (也就是,与对象有关系的数据)它与其它对象的关系可能的状态： 停泊 运营 着陆 终止班机 747第9页/共99页 -11-对象的状态State is a condition or situation during the life of an object, which satisfies some condition, performs some activity, or waits for some event.The state of an object normally changes over time.Name: J ClarkEmployee ID: 567138Date Hired: July 25, 1991Status: TenuredDiscipline: FinanceMaximum Course Load: 3 classesName: J ClarkEmployee ID: 567138HireDate: 07/25/1991Status: TenuredDiscipline: FinanceMaxLoad: 3Professor Clark第10页/共99页 -12-对象的行为定义当其它对象发出请求时，该对象如何反应由为对象定义的一系列操作决定班机 747核对出发时间(返回 9:27)机票代理第11页/共99页 -13-对象的行为Behavior determines how an object acts and reacts.The visible behavior of an object is modeled by a set of messages it can respond to (operations that the object can perform).Professor ClarkProfessor Clark’s behaviorSubmit Final GradesAccept Course OfferingTake Sabbatical Set Max Loa