乳腺弥散加权成像的原理和临床应用.pptxVIP

会计学; Diffusion-weighted imaging is a modality that makes use of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to depict the diffusivity of water molecules in a defined voxel by means of the application of motion-probing gradients. This imaging property is unique and provides a different contrast mechanism than that observed on conventional T1- and T2-weighted MR images. Evaluation of breast images acquired with sensitization to the diffusion of water molecules has the potential to play an adjunct role in the assessment of breast tissue. DWI是一种通过运动-探测梯度磁场的应用的方式，在一个有限的像素内，利用磁共振来检测水分子弥散的方法。这种成像方式是唯一，并且与常规的T1和T2加权MR图像相比，提供一个不同的对比机制。乳腺图像的获取来源于对水分子的扩散敏感，其拥有在乳腺组织的评估中发挥辅助作用的潜力。 。 ;Diffusion-weighted imaging was initially applied in the clinical setting in the mid-1990s for the diagnosis of acute stroke. At that time, diffusion-weighted imaging demonstrated a high diagnostic utility, not only in the investigation of acute stroke, but also in developing the differential diagnosis for other brain abnormalities, including tumors and abscesses. 弥散加权成像在临床上最初的应用是90年代中期对急性脑卒中的诊断，不仅用于检测急性脑卒中，而且发展到别的脑部异常病变的鉴别诊断，包括肿瘤和脓肿。 ;Subsequent technical advances in MR imaging, including the development of ultrafast imaging sequences and the proliferation of array coils and of imagers with higher magnetic field strength (which increase signal-to-noise ratio [SNR] per unit time) have led to a reduction in the impact of motion artifacts and the investigation of organs other than the brain. 在MR成像随后的技术进步，包括超快成像序列的发展和较高磁场强度阵列线圈和成像器的发展（这提高了每单位时间的信噪比），导致了运动伪影的影响的减少 ;Diffusion-weighted imaging has subsequently been used in the evaluation of disease processes in various anatomic locations (eg, chest, liver, pancreas, prostate gland) that had previously not been studied due to difficulties resulting from movement during patient respiration, peristalsis, and low inherent SNR . 弥散加权成像随后被用于不同的解剖部位疾病过程的评价（如胸部，肝脏，???腺，前列腺），这些以前从未研究过，因为病人呼吸，蠕动所导致的困难和低的信噪比。 ;In 1997, Englander et al addressed the possibility of applyin