教师英语口语训练-王融-第五章.pptxVIP

教师英语口语训练（第三版）;Part 5 Reading Aloud （朗读练习）;英语有48个音素，采用国际音标标注。这48个音素可分为两大类：20个元音音素（vowels）和28个辅音音素（consonants）。发元音音素时声带振动，气流在空气通道中不受阻碍；发辅音音素时气流在空气通道中受到阻碍。 元音音素可分为单元音（pure vowels）和双元音（diphthongs）。发单元音时，语音器官基本不移动位置。按舌位，单元音可分为四个前元音（front vowels）、三个中元音（central?vowels）和五个后元音（back vowels）。发双元音时，语音器官从发第一个音的位置滑向发第二个音的位置，第一个音发得较重而清晰，第二个音发得较轻而含糊。双元音是复合音，可按发音时语音器官滑动的变化分为5个合口双元音（closing diphthongs）和3个集中双元音（centring diphthongs）。 ;前元音：[i?] [?] [e] [?] 中元音：[?] [??] [?] 后元音：[???] [?] [??] [?] [u?] 合口双元音：[e?] [a?] [??] [??] [a?] 集中双元音：[??] [e?] [??] 28个辅音按照发音方法可以分成六组。 爆破音：[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] 摩擦音：[f] [v] [θ] [e] [s] [z] [r] [?] [?] [h] 破擦音：[ts] [dz] [tr] [dr] [t?] [d?] 鼻音：[m] [n] [?] 旁流音：[l] 半元音：[j] [w] ;按照声带的活动，辅音可分为两类，清辅音（voiceless consonants）和浊辅音（voiced consonants）。发清辅音时声带不振动，发浊辅音时声带振动。 清辅音：[p] [t] [k] [f] [θ] [s] [?] [ts] [tr] [t?] [h] 浊辅音：[b] [d] [g] [v] [e] [z] [?] [dz] [dr] [d?] [r] [m] [n] [?] [l] [j] [w];;发前元音时，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，但不要接触硬腭。 [i?] 1. Extremes meet. 2. It’s Greek to me. 3. Seeing is believing. 4. New brooms sweep clean. 5. A friend in need is a friend in deed. 6. A man without reason is a beast in season. ;发前元音时，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，但不要接触硬腭。 [?] 1. Business is business. 2. Fish begins to stink at the head. 3. It’s no use crying over spilt milk. 4. A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 5. He that lives with cripples learns to limp. 6. Everybody’s business is nobody’s business. ;发前元音时，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，但不要接触硬腭。 [e] 1. All is well that ends well. 2. Let the dead bury the dead. 3. East and west, home is best. 4. Two heads are better than one. 5. Better to do well than to say well. 6. A cracked bell can never sound well. ;发前元音时，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，但不要接触硬腭。 [?] 1.A fact is a fact. 2. Habit cures habit. 3. Bad news travels fast. 4. Let the cat out of the bag. 5. A bad beginning makes a bad ending. 6. A man apt to promise is apt to forget. ;;发中元音时，舌中部向硬腭与软腭之间抬起。 [?] 1.?Blood will have blood. 2.?What must be must be. 3.?Of nothing comes nothing. 4.?Nothing new under the sun.