Chapter 12 语言学 Theories And Schools Of Modern Linguistics分析和总结.docxVIP

Chapter 12 Theories And Schools Of Modern Linguistics Ferdinand de Saussure: (1857 – 1913): Swiss linguist, father of modern linguistics, master of a discipline which he made modern. His ideas were developed along thee lines linguistics: influenced by American linguist W. D. Whitney (1827 – 94), who raised the question of the sign. Sociology: following French sociologist E. Durkheim (1958 – 1917), Saussure held that language is one of the “social facts”, which are radically distinct from individual psychological acts . Psychology: influenced by Austrian psychiatrist S. Freud (1855 – 1939)