初中英语语法复习(宾语从句).docx

初中英语语法复习 宾语从句考点集汇、讲解和训练 【考点扫描】中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面： 1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；2. 宾语从句的语序； 3. 宾语从句的时态。 考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到宾语从句。 【名师精讲】 一. 宾语从句的种类 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 陈述句：由 that引导的宾语从句。That 只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： He said(that)he wanted to stayat home. She doesn’ktnow (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 特殊疑问句：由 who, whom, whose, what, which，when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waitingfor? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don’t know why the train is late. 一般疑问句：由 if或 whether 引导的宾语从句。If和 whether 在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether)he livesthere. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 二. 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如： I hear (that)physicsisn’etasy. I think(that)you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when we’ll hatvhee meeting.三. 宾语从句的时态 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就 用什么时态。如： I don’t think (that) you areCarnigyhotu. to the railway station? tell me how I can get 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过 去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成 时）。例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to PetHeer.said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是 客观真理，其时态常用一般现在 时。例如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 【中考范例】 (2004年北京市) Miss Green didn’t tell us in 2002. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived 【解析】答案：D 。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态。 (2004 年上海市徐汇区中考试题) Would you pleasetellme ? when did he come home B. where he would play football C. ifhe had seen the film D. why he didn’wtatch the game 【解析】答案：D 。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。主句用的实际上是现在时，宾语从句在这个句子里应用陈述句的语序和一般过去时。 (2004年哈尔滨市中考试题) I don’t know when . will the train leaveB. the train will l