高考英语语法专项--名词性从句讲义.docxVIP

语法专项：名词性从句?Noun Clause 名词性从句的功能相当于名词，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句及同位语从句，在句中分别做主语、宾语、表语及同位语。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if；?连接代词：what, who, which；?连接副词：when, where, how, why 一、?主语从句Subject clauses 1、主语从句在复合句中做主语，通常放在主句谓语动词之前。注意划线部分的语序：陈述语序 What he had done recently?is strange./Where she is going?is a mystery./Whether he will invite her?is a question.?? 2、主语从句常由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾，以取得句子平衡。以下划线部分的句子可用It来替代。 It is unimportant?whether you come or not. 3、以下情况常用it?作形式主语的结构 (1)It is＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that …事实是…?；It is an honor that …非常荣幸… It is common knowledge that….?…是常识 It is still a question?when we shall have our sports meet. (2)It is＋形容词＋从句 It is natural[?n?t?r?l] that…?….很自然；???It is strange that…????奇怪的是… (3) It＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that…表语从句?似乎…；It happened that…碰巧… It happened that I wasnt there that day. (4) It is＋过去分词＋从句? It is reported that…据报道…；It has been proved that…已证实… 二、宾语从句?Object clauses 宾语从句在复合句中做宾语，通常放在及物动词、介词或某些形容词之后。 1.?作动词的宾语 I heard that he had joined the army.（如表陈述由that引导，则that可以省略） She did not know?what had happened. /I wonder?whether you can change this note for me. 2.?作介词的宾语 Our success depends upon/on?how well we can cooperate with one another. 3.?作形容词的宾语 I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. I am afraid that不是主系表结构,是主谓宾结构,that后面是所害怕的具体内容,整个that从句作主句（I am afraid）的宾语 类似的形容词有：annoyed, anxious, ashamed, aware, certain, confident, content, convinced, determined, disappointed, glad, pleased, proud, satisfied, sorry, surprised, thankful, worried, etc. 4.?it可以作为形式宾语： I’d appreciate it if… depend on it that… see to it that… hate it when… love it when… expect that… We find it necessary that we practice spoken English every day. We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. 三、?表语从句Predicative clauses 表语从句在复合句中作表语，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。 The question is whether we can make good preparations in such a short time. This is why we did not write to you. The fact remains that he has been arrested.?（同位语从句） The fa