生物学RNA的生物合成和加工.pptxVIP

生物学RNA的生物合成和加工第1页/共58页 In 1961 the DNA dependent RNA polymerase was discovered in E coli and the study on the mechanism of transcription began.In 1982 Thomas Cech discovered that one of the precursor RNA in Tetrahymena chould act as a catalyst and catalyzed self-splicing. It is a ribozyme.第2页/共58页 Section 1 DNA dependent RNA synthesisRNA synthesis is catalyzed by DDRP ( or simply RNA polymerase. )第3页/共58页 Characteristics of RNA synthesisTemplate DNA ( one strand DNA in dsDNA, template strand )Substrate four kinds of NTPEnzyme DDRP ( no reqirement of primer, no proof-reading function )Direction ofRNA chain 5’ to 3’ synthesisBase pairing GC TA AU rule Inorganic Mg++ Zn++ ion 第4页/共58页 The process of transcription can be divided into three stages: initiation, elongation and termination. see the fig. on the blackboard第5页/共58页 The two strands in dsDNA are complementary.They are the coding strand and the template strand.The template strand works as the template for the synthesis of RNA.The synthesized RNA is complementary to the template strand.Its sequence is the same as that of the coding strand with the exception of the substitution of U for T.第6页/共58页 eg. 5’ CGCATTAACG 3’ coding strand 3’ GCGTAATTGC 5’ template strand 5’ CGCAUUAACG 3’ RNA transcript The Reaction( NMP )n + NTP ----------? ( NMP )n+1 +PPi第7页/共58页 Asymmetric Transcription----?----?-------? ----------------?________________________________________________________________________________________________ ?---------- ?-----------In dsDNA one strand is coding strand. It is not transcribed.The other strand is template strand. It is transcribed.In a segment of dsDNA t