甲状腺及抗甲状腺药.pptxVIP

甲状腺及抗甲状腺药;目的与要求;重点、难点; The two major thyroid hormones are thriiodothyronine(T3) and thyroxine(T4).They are essential for normal growth and development and play an important role in energy metabolism. The predominant actions of thyroid hormones are mediated by binding to nuclear thyroid hormone receptors and modulating transcription of specific genes. Antithyroid drugs consist of thioureas, iodide, radioiodine (131I) and β-adrenoceptor antagonist. Thioureas inhibit the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Propythiouracil can also block the conversion of T4 to T3 in peripheral tissues.;High concentrations of iodide appear to influence almost all important aspects of iodide metabolism by the thyroid gland,especially including an inhibition of the release of thyroid hormones. 131I exerts a destruction of thyroid gland by beta particles. The major indications for the therapeutic use of thyroid hormones are for hormone replacement therapy in patients with hypothyroidism or cretinism,and antithyroid drugs are for the treatment of hyperthyroid individual.;甲状腺激素;甲状腺功能亢进(hyperthyroidism, 甲亢) 多种原因所致的以甲状腺激素分泌过多引发代谢紊乱为特征的综合症 Graves病 毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿最常见;第一节 甲状腺激素;一.甲状腺激素类的化学结构;二.甲状腺激素的合成、贮存、分泌与调节; （二）释放： 胞饮作用，将TG吞入细胞内，经蛋白水解酶水解后释放 （三）调节： 下丘脑分泌TRH 垂体前叶分泌TSH T3 、T4 合成，甲状腺增生;第12页/共37页;;;三. 体内过程;四.药理作用;;六. 临床应用;甲状腺激素—不良反应;第20页/共37页;第二节 抗甲状腺药;一、硫脲类;(一) 药理作用;血液中碘化物;(二) 体内过程;(三) 临床应用;(四)不良反应;二. 碘和碘化物(KI, NaI及复方碘溶液);药理作用;临床应用;不良反应;三. 放射性碘;四. β肾上腺素受体阻断药;教材和参考书;思考题;Thanks;感谢观看！