14.虚拟语气1讲义-高中英语高二暑期衔接资料.docxVIP

虚拟语气 1 学习目标 学生能够掌握if引导虚拟条件句的动词形式，了解错综时间条件句，学会运用if省略句及暗含虚拟条件句； 学生能够熟练运用if虚拟条件句。 要点梳理 （一）if引导虚拟条件句 1. 与现在事实相反的假设： 从句：did/were 主句：would/should/could/might do If I were ten years old, I could start all over again. If I had enough money, I would buy myself a cinema. 2. 与过去事实相反的假设： 从句：had done 主句：would/should/could/might have done If we had had enough rain last year, we could have gained a good harvest. If you had worked hard, you would have passed the exam. 3. 与将来事实相反的假设： 从句：did/were; were to do; should do 主句：would/should/could/might do If it were fine tomorrow, I would go on a trip. If he were not to come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting. If I should see him tomorrow, I would invite him home. if虚拟条件句总结 if虚拟 从句 主句 对现在的虚拟 did/were would/should/could/might do 对过去的虚拟 had done would/should/could/might have done 对将来的虚拟 should do were to do did/were would/should/could/might do （二）错综时间条件句 1. If you had just followed my advice, you would be better now. 如果你刚才听了我的建议，你现在就好多了。 2. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 如果你刚才听了我的建议，你现在就是大学生了。 【总结】当从句所表示的动作和主句的动作发生的时间不一致时，被称作“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。 （三）if省略句 Were I at school again, I would study harder. =If I were at school again, I would study harder. Had you come earlier, you would have caught the bus. =If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus. Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. =If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 【总结】在虚拟条件句中，可以省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。 （四）暗含虚拟条件句 Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. But for your advice, I wouldn’t have done the job well. I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting. He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it. 【总结】without, but for, otherwise, or表示暗含的虚拟语气，相当于if条件句。 即时应用 If I were you now, I ___________________ (quarrel) with him. If I ______________ (be) you then, I shouldn’t have quarr