《医学英语》unit 3 Urinary System教学课件.pptVIP

Urinary System1 Removes wasteMaintains acid-base balance of bodyParts include:2 KIDNEYS2 URETERSBLADDERURETHRA2 2 bean shaped organsProtected by ribs and fatEach kidney is found in mass of fatty tissue (adipose capsule)2 main sections:Cortex: outer layer, contains most of the nephrons that aid in production of urineMedulla: inner layer, contains most of tubes that carry urine from the nephrons through the kidneys3 NephronsMicroscopic filtering unitsOver 1 million/kidneyContains glomerulusCluster of capillaries that filter wasteBowman’s capsuleSurround glomerulus picks up filtered materials and passes it to the convoluted tubuleSubstances needed by the body are reabsorbed and returned to the capillaries4 NephronsAt the end, most of the water, sugar, vitamins and salts have been reabsorbed Excess salts, water, wastes remain in the tubule and become urineUrine enters collecting ducts (tubes) in the medullaCollecting tubes empty into the renal pelvis (first section of the ureter)5 Ureters2 muscular tubes 10-12 inches longOne extends from the renal pelvis to the bladderPeristalsis: a wavelike motion of the involuntary muscle that moves urine through the ureter from the kidney to the bladder6 BladderHollow muscular sacLining folds called rugae – disappears as muscles of bladder allow it to expand and fill with urine3 layers of visceral muscleUrge to void occurs when bladder contains 1 cupCircular sphincter muscleControl bladder openingCan’t be controlled by infantsFUNCTIONS:Receives urine from uretersStores urine until eliminated from body7 Urethra Tube carries urine from bladder to outsideExternal opening called meatusDifferent in males/femalesFemales shorterOpens in front of vagina or passes through the penisMale: carries both urine from urinary system and semen from the reproductive system8 Liquid waste95% water1 ? - 2 quarts produced dailyUrineExcreting waste productsUreaCreatinineUric acidThe Concentration of components in a urine sample depends on osmotic movement o