Migraine偏头痛中英双语.pptxVIP

Migraine偏头痛中英双语第1页/共29页 Migraine is manifested by headache that isa recurrence, usually unilateral and frequently pulsatile in quality 搏动性; it is often associated with nausea, vomiting, photophobia畏光, phonophobia惧声 and lassitude乏力. Visual or other neurologic auras神经学先兆 occur in about10% of patients. The onset is early in life approximately 25%beginning during the first decade, 55% by 20 years of age, more than 90% before age 40. 第2页/共29页 A.Cause and pathogenesis The real causes and the pathogenesis andpathophysiologic course of migraine is unknown. 1.Certain foods: tyramine酪胺-containing cheeses,meat,such as hot dogs or bacon,with nitrite亚硝酸preservatives, chocolate containingbut not chocolate alone. Food additives: monosodium glutamate谷氨酸一钠； Fasting禁食; Emotion情绪; Menses月经; Drugs:especially oral contraceptive agents;vasodilators (nitriglycerin硝酸甘油) Brights lights may also trigger or precipitateattacks. 第3页/共29页 2. Genetics: About 60% patients of migrainehave families . Three genetic loci for familial hemiplegic migraine（偏瘫型)have been identified 3. Endocrine factor 内分泌异常 Gender: women men (2/3 to 3/4 of casesoccur in women); Headache mostly occursbefore or menacme月经期 in women , and the headache becomes reduction or stopping in pregnancy and after menopause绝经. The migraine also stops in men of after climacterium更年期. 第4页/共29页 4. vasomotor and autonomic 血管运动和自律神经 Intracranial vasoconstriction and extracranial vasodilatation have long been held to be the respective causes of the aura and headache phases of migraine. But the study of CBF脑血流 can’t confirm. 5. spreading depression 扩布性抑制 More recent studies of rCBF局部脑血流 during migraine attacks have demonstrated a reductionin regional flow, which begins in the occipital region and then towards with 1 cm/s velocity during the aura phase. 第5页/共29页 第6页/共29页 6. Neur