语法复习(十七)-倒装、强调、省略、反意疑问句.pdfVIP

语法复习（十七）-- 倒装、强调、省略、反意疑问句 一、 倒装句 “倒装句”主要指的是谓语语序的倒装,当然也有宾语和表语语序的倒装。倒装句分为两种， 部分倒装（将谓语的一部分提到主语之前）和全部倒装（将谓语的全部提到主语之前） （一）、 部分倒装 部分倒装是把 be 动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要 在主语之前加助动词 do / does / did 等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。部分 倒装主要有以下几种情况: 1． 句子以否定意义的词开头时，用部分倒装。 这类词或短语主要有 never, little, seldom, rarely, hardly/scarcely ( … when ….), no sooner(… than ….), not until…., in no way, at no time, few, not, no 等, 如: Never have I found him so happy. Little does he care about what I said. No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep. 2. so / neither (nor) 置于句首，意为“也（不）”，表示前者的情况也使用于后者或一者具 有两种情况，其句型为：so / neither(nor) + be / 助动词 / 情态动词+ 主语…。so 与前面 的肯定句呼应，neither/ nor 与前面的否定句呼应。 They love having lots of friends, so do those with disabilities. Lily can’t ride, neither / nor can Lucy. I don’t know who he is, nor do I want to know. 注意： 如果句意不是“…..也是如此”，而仅是对前述内容的肯定或附和，则句子不用 倒装。 He really works very hard. So he does. 3. only + 状语/ 状语从句 放在句首,要用部分倒装。如: Only by this means is it possible to explain it. Only then did I realize the importance of math. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. 4. 在 so … that … 句子中，如果 so 引导的部分位于句首，则主句要用部分倒装。 So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. 5. Not only + 分句,but also + 分句句型中的前一分句要用部分倒装。如: Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good at speaking it. 但 not only...but also...连接主语时,不倒装。如: Not only the mother but also the children are sick. 6. not until 放在句首,从句不倒装,主句倒装。如: Not until last week did they find the lost bike. (简单句) Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. ( 复合句) 7. though / as 引导让步状语从句， 意为“尽管”， 通常把句中状语、表语部分或动词提 前； 若表语是名词， 其前不加冠词。 Terrible as (though) the storm was, we continued our way. Child as